SQLite format 3@  ii!%%atableTopicsTopicsCREATE TABLE Topics (Title NVARCHAR(100), Notes TEXT) V!aq01 Introduction (1-6){\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\reP=q00 Paisley - A Concise Guide Christiani>1- [XN+*\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\cf1\lang2058\b\f0\fs28 A Concise Guide To Bible Christianity And Romanism\par \b0\fs23 Compiled by Dr. Ian R.K. Paisley\par \par \b 01\tab Introduction (1-6)\par \b0\par 1. Where do Christians get their faith?\par 2. What is the Bible?\par 3. How do Christians know that the Bible is the Word of God?\par 4. Who is a Christian?\par 5. What is the Church?\par 6. What is the Free Presbyterian Church?\par \par \b 02\tab The Bible (9-23)\par \b0\par 9. What does the Free Presbyterian Church teach concerning the reading of the Bible?\par 10. Did the Church of Rome give the Bible to all her members to read?\par 11. How did the Roman Index of Prohibited Books define the act of reading the Bible?\par 12. If a member of the Church of Rome possessed a copy of the Bible without such permission, what was the penalty?\par 13. How has Rome treated the Bible?\par 14. Is Rome the preserver of the Bible? ... \par \par \b 03\tab The Pope (24-42)\par \b0\par 23. Did Jesus Christ appoint an earthly Head to His Church?\par 24. What is the claim of Rome in regard to the Head of the Church on earth?\par 25. What is the official teaching of Rome on the Pope?\par 26. What text in Matthew's Gospel does the Church of Rome use to support her claims for St. Peter being the first Pope?\par 27. Were the Fathers unanimous in their interpretation of the Scripture?\par 28. What other Scripture in Matthew's Gospel does Rome quote to support her claim that Peter was the first Pope? ... \par \par \b 04\tab The Sacraments (43-51)\par \b0\par 43. What does Rome teach about the Sacraments?\par 44. Which are the Sacraments of the New Testament?\par 45. How may Sacraments are there according to Rome?\par 46. What does Rome teach in regard to what is necessary for the validity of a Sacrament?\par 47. Does Rome's Doctrine of Intention not put uncertainty upon all her religious Sacraments and works?\par 48. What is Baptism? ... \par \par \b 05\tab Confirmation (53-54)\par \b0\par 53. What does Rome teach about Confirmation?\par 54. Why do we reject Rome's Confirmation as a Sacrament? \par \par \b 06\tab The Lord's Supper (55-78)\par \b0\par 55. What is the Lord's Supper?\par 56. What does the word 'Eucharist' mean?\par 57. How does the Church of Rome define the Eucharist?\par 58. What is the teaching o f Rome with regard to the bread and wine in the Lord's Supper?\par 59. Has the Church of Rome always taught this doctrine?\par 60. What has Rome built upon the doctrine of Transubstantiation? ... \par \par \b 07\tab Holy Orders And Priesthood (79-94)\par \b0\par 79. What, according to Rome, is meant by Holy Orders?\par 80. What functions does Rome actually claim for her priests?\par 81. What special powers does Rome ascribe to her priests?\par 82. Does Rome hold that priests irrespect ive of their morality have these transcendent powers?\par 83. Is there any authority in the Scripture for the doctrine of Rome concerning the priesthood?\par 84. What is the only mediatorial priesthood recognised in the New Testament? ... \par \par \b 08\tab Matrimony (95-97)\par \b0\par 95. What is Matrimony according to the Church of Rome?\par 96. Is Matrimony presented as a Sacrament in the New Testament?\par 97. What does the Free Presbyterian Church believe concerning marriage? \par \par \b 09\tab Sin (98-107)\par \b0\par 98. What is sin?\par 99. Are all sins equally wicked?\par 100. What does every sin deserve?\par 101. How does Rome divide sins?\par 102. How does Rome define mortal sins and venial sins?\par 103. What sins does Rome call mortal? ... \par \par \b 10\tab The Forgiveness of Sins (108-122)\par \b0\par 108. If the wages of sin is death is salvation possible?\par 109. What did Christ do in order to meet the claims of divine justice and secure salv ation?\par 110. Was Christ's Work as a Saviour complete, or did it need to be supplemented in any way by the work of man?\par 111. Are repentance and faith necessary on the part of the sinner?\par 112. What is faith in Jesus Christ?\par 113. What is repentance? ... \par \par \b 11\tab Indulgences (123-127)\par \b0\par 123. What does Rome hold as to Indulgences?\par 124. On what is the doctrine of Indulgences founded?\par 125. To what purpose is the spiritual treasury to be applied?\par 126. Name any object for which an Indulgence may be bought.\par 127. Does Rome issue Indulgences for the dead? \par \par \b 12\tab Penance (128-141)\par \b0\par 128. What does Rome teach concerning Penance?\par 129. What does Rome teach about the necessity of Penance?\par 130. By whom must Penance be administered?\par 131. How often must the Sacrament be administered?\par 132. What are the component parts of Penance?\par 133. When was Penance first considered a Sacrament by the Church of Rome? ... \par \par \b 13\tab Purgatory (142-159)\par \b0\par 142. What is Purgatory according to Rome?\par 143. On what two false pillars does Purgatory rest?\par 144. Explain Matthew 5:25-26 and show that it cannot possibly prove Purgatory.\par 145. How do you interpret I Corinthians 3:13-15?\par 146. What are the pretensions of the Church of Rome as to the relief of souls in Purgatory?\par 147. How do Romanists obtain Indulgences? ... \par \par \b 14\tab Mariolatry (160-187)\par \b0\par 160. What worship does the Church of Rome teach should be given to the mother of our Lord?\par 161. What are the grounds on which Rome bases this worship of Mary?\par 162. Did Rome always hold the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception?\par 163. In this doctrine taught in the New Testament or was it known in the early church?\par 164. What did St. Alphonsus Ligouri teach about those who do not worship and serve Mary?\par 165. Give the terms of Rome's Decree declaring Mary's Immaculate Conception? ... \par \par \b 15\tab Saints, Angels, Image Worship (188-208)\par \b0\par 188. What does the word 'saint' mean in the New Testament?\par 189. Is the term used in an unscriptural manner even by Protestants?\par 190. How does Rome create her saints?\par 191. Prove that Rome teaches praying to and worship of angels and saints.\par 192. Why must we regard this doctrine of Rome?\par 193. What does Rome teach concerning images? ... \par \par \b 16\tab Rome and the Reformation (210-213)\par \b0\par 210. What was the reason for the Reformation?\par 211. How did Rome react?\par 212. Did the Reformation involve, as Rome asserts, heresy and schism?\par 213. Has the term 'Protestant' a negative aspect and a positive aspect? \par \par \b 17\tab Patrick (214-228)\par \b0\par 214. Was Patrick the founding father of the Christian Church in Ireland?\par 215. How did Rome react?\par 216. Was Patrick sent to Ireland by the Pope?\par 217. What brought Patrick to Ireland?\par 218. Where do we find the teaching of Patrick?\par 219. What is the basis for the teaching contained in Patrick's Confession and Epistle? \par \par \b 18\tab Ecumenism (229-240)\par \b0\par 229. What is Ecumenism?\par 230. How is Ecumenism organised internationally?\par 231. How is it organised in these Islands?\par 232. What is the declared purpose of COCBI?\par 233. What Churches and religious bodies are members of COCBI?\par 234. In what way is Ecumenism organised in Ireland? \par } d0\green0\blue0;} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\cf1\lang2058\f0\fs23 1. Where do Christians get their faith?\par 2. What is the Bible?\par 3. How do Christians know that the Bible is the Word of God?\par 4. Who is a Christian?\par 5. What is the Church?\par 6. What is the Free Presbyterian Church? \par \par Back to Top \tab 1. Where do Christians get their faith?\par \par Christians go to the Bible.\par Back to Top \tab 2. What is the Bible?\par \par The Bible, called the Holy Scriptures, containing the Old and New Testaments, 66 Books only, is the Word of God and the only infallible source of Divine Truth and Divine Commandment. It is without error and is infallible.\par \par Rome has added other books to the Bible, called the Apocryphal. The Council of Trent (Session 4) enumerated these books "Lest any doubt should arise respecting the sacred books which are received by the Council:\par \par * Tobias\par * Judith\par * The Dream of Mardochai (added to the Book of Esther)\par * Wisdom\par * Ecclesiasticus\par * Baruch\par * The Song of the Three Children (inserted in the 3rd chapter of Daniel, from the 25th to the 91st verse, Douai Bible)\par * The Prayer of Manasses\par * and the First and Second Books of Maccabees." \par \par We reject these books:\par \par First, they were never received, acknowledged or admitted into the canon of the Old Testament Scripture by the Jews, to whom, St Paul says, "the words of God were committed" (Romans 3:2); nor are they included in the catalogue of sacred books given to Josephus, the Jewish historian.\par \par Second, not one of the Apocryphal books was written in pure Hebrew.\par \par Third, the Apocryphal books are never quoted by our Lord or His Apostles.\par \par Fourth, they were rejected by the primitive Church (Eusebius: Hist., lib. Iv, c. 26).\par \par Fifth, they were rejected from the canon of inspired Scripture by Jerome, Origen, Athanasius, Cyril, Hilary, Gregory Nazianzen, etc.\par \par Sixth, the Council of Laodicea, held in the year 364, whose canons were received and confirmed by the Council of Chalcedon in 451, delivers the catalogue of the canonical books as they are received in the Protestant Church.\par Back to Top \tab 3. How do Christians know that the Bible is the Word of God?\par \par The Bible manifests itself to be the Word of God by its claim, and the proof of its claim in its majesty, purity, invincibility, infallibility, integrity and authority, but especially the witness of the Holy Spirit of God in the heart which alone is able to persuade that it is indeed the very Word of God.\par Back to Top \tab 4. Who is a Christian?\par \par A Christian is any person, no matter what his colour, class or creed may have been, who believes the Record that God has given of His Son in the Word of God; accepts the verdict of God upon himself as a sinner; confesses that he is lost and hell-deserving; makes bare his heart and all his sins to God only; asks to be cleansed in the Saviour's Precious Blood, throwing himself for salvation by faith alone, through grace alone, on Christ alone. The true Christian gladly confesses: "I'm only a sinner and nothing at all, but Jesus Christ is my all in all."\par Back to Top \tab 5. What is the Church?\par \par The Church on earth is the whole company of all redeemed ones who have believed in Christ alone to the salvation of their souls; whose infallible rule is the Holy Scriptures; and who are seeking, by the Holy Spirit, to win lost souls for Christ. This is the true Universal or Catholic Church on earth.\par Back to Top \tab 6. What is the Free Presbyterian Church?\par \par The Free Presbyterian Church is a branch of the Universal Church which holds to the Bible as rediscovered at the great Reformation of the 16th century as the only final judge on all matters of doctrine and practice, and which bases its church government upon that of the New Testament.\par \par Back to Top\par }  a member of the Church of Rome possessed a copy of the Bible without such permission, what was the penalty?\par 13. How has Rome treated the Bible?\par 14. Is Rome the preserver of the Bible?\par 15. What is Vatican II?\par 16. What is the attitude of the Church of Rome today to the Bible?\par 17. What is the official summary of the Roman faith?\par 18. What does this Creed teach about the Bible?\par 19. What does this Creed declare to be in equal footing with the Bible?\par 20. What are ecclesiastical traditions?\par 21. In practise are the Scriptures on equal footing as tradition in the Church of Rome?\par 22. Could you interpret the Scriptures according to the unanimous consent of the Fathers?\par 23. How does Rome use tradition and the teaching of the Church? \par \par Back to Top \tab 9. What does the Free Presbyterian Church teach concerning the reading of the Bible?\par \par The Free Presbyterian Church teaches that the Bible ought to be read believingly, intelligently, prayerfully and systematically by everyone.\par Back to Top \tab 10. Did the Church of Rome give the Bible to all her members to read?\par \par No! The Church of Rome placed the Bible in the mother tongue of the people on the Index of Prohibited Books.\par Back to Top \tab 11. How did the Roman Index of Prohibited Books define the act of reading the Bible?\par \par The Roman Index states, 'It is manifest from experience that if the Holy Bible translated into the vulgar tongue be indiscriminately allowed to every one, the temerity of men will cause more evil than good to arise from it.' However, the Church of Rome did allow for written permission to be granted by a bishop to certain individuals who asked for that permission.\par Back to Top \tab 12. If a member of the Church of Rome possessed a copy of the Bible without such permission, what was the penalty?\par \par 'If any shall have the presumption to read or possess it without any such written permission, he shall not receive absolution until he first deliver up the Bible to the ordinary'*; that is, according to the Roman principles, his soul is damned.\par \par * The ordinary is the person who has ordinary or immediate jurisdiction on affairs ecclesiastical, usually the bishop of the Diocese.\par Back to Top \tab 13. How has Rome treated the Bible?\par \par Rome has done her best to destroy the Bible, should it come into possession of her people in their mother tongue. In Reformation days she consigned the Bible to the flames, and down through history practised torture, imprisonment and death on those who sought to read and believe the truths of the Word of God.\par Back to Top \tab 14. Is Rome the preserver of the Bible?\par \par Rome asserts that we are under her debt for the preservation of the Bible and maintains that she is the guardian of the Bible. Is this so?\par \par No, this is another lie of Rome. The Bible is not the word of any Pope or Church but is the Word of God and has been Divinely preserved by God for th!e world of men through His grace alone. It was safeguarded for us, not by the Church of Rome who did everything in her power to destroy the Bible, but by the Jews and the saints, for the faith was delivered to the saints - the true believers in Christ, members of the universal church.\par Back to Top \tab 15. What is Vatican II?\par \par Vatican II was the Roman Catholic Church Council opened by Pope John on 11 October, 1962, and closed by Pope John Paul on 8 December, 1965. It issued an update by Rome" on her dogmas. Ecumenical clergy in the 'Protestant' churches claimed that it marked a change in Rome's doctrines. The documents issued by Vatican II explode this claim as an atrocious lie.\par Back to Top \tab 16. What is the attitude of the Church of Rome today to the Bible?\par \par Vatican Council II did not change in any basic way Rome's attitude to the Bible. Rome still claims that she alone can interpret the Bible. She also still claims that religious authority is based upon the Bible plus Trad#ition, and directs that the Bible should only be read in versions approved by her. Such versions change the text of Scripture in order to make it bolster up Rome's false doctrines. Further, she still claims that she alone can infallibly interpret the Bible.\par \par Vatican II - Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation (18 November 1965):\par \par 'Consequently it is not from sacred Scriptures alone that the Church draws her certainty about everything which has been revealed. Therefore both sacred t$radition and sacred scripture are to be accepted and venerated with the same sense of devotion and reverence [...] It is clear therefore that sacred scripture and the teaching authority of the church, in accord to God's most wise design, are so linked and joined together that one cannot stand without the others, and that altogether and each in its own way under the action of the one Holy Spirit contribute effectively of the salvation of souls.' (Chapter 2, Paragraph 9)\par \par Catechism of the Catholic% Church - Dublin, Veritas, 1995:\par \par 'Sacred Tradition and Sacred Scripture, then, are bound closely together, and communicate one with the other. For both of them, flowing out of the same well-spring, come together in some fashion to form one thing, and move towards the same goal. [\'85] As a result the Church, to whom transmission and interpretation of Revelation is entrusted, does not derive her certainty about all revealed truths from holy Scriptures alone. Both Scripture and Tradition must be &accepted and honoured with equal sentiments of devotion and reverence.' (Paragraphs 80, 82)\par Back to Top \tab 17. What is the official summary of the Roman faith?\par \par The official summary of the Roman faith is the Creed of Pope Pius IV.\par Back to Top \tab 18. What does this Creed teach about the Bible?\par \par Articles 1 and 2 of this Creed state, 'I most steadfastly admit and embrace apostolic and ecclesiastical traditions and all other observances and constitutions of the same church. I' also admit the Holy Scriptures, according to that sense which our Holy Mother Church has held and does hold, to which it belongs, to judge of the true sense and interpretation of the Scriptures. Neither will I ever take and interpret them otherwise in according to the unanimous consent of the Fathers.'\par Back to Top \tab 19. What does this Creed declare to be in equal footing with the Bible?\par \par This Creed declares that apostolic and ecclesiastical traditions are on equal footing with the Bible(, and teaches that they are to be 'received with equal piety and veneration with Scripture, and whosoever shall knowingly and deliberately despise these traditions is accursed.'\par Back to Top \tab 20. What are ecclesiastical traditions?\par \par Ecclesiastical traditions, according to the Church of Rome, are dogmas of the church or practices of the church which are accepted by the Roman Church, but which are nevertheless nowhere found in the Scriptures of Truth.\par Back to Top \tab 21. In practise )are the Scriptures on equal footing as tradition in the Church of Rome?\par \par No, because in practise tradition interprets the Scriptures, and tradition is further declared and decreed by the Church, and is required to be believed because the Church teaches it. So tradition, as in the Creed of Pope Pius IV, comes first, and Scripture second.\par Back to Top \tab 22. Could you interpret the Scriptures according to the unanimous consent of the Fathers?\par \par No, this is impossible, for the Fathers were not unanimous in their interpretations of Scripture and differed greatly in many of their interpretations of particular texts and passages of the Bible.\par Back to Top \tab 23. How does Rome use tradition and the teaching of the Church?\par \par The Church of Rome uses tradition and the teaching of the Church to propagate and defend doctrines and practices which have absolutely no Scriptural authority whatsoever. For example, her dogmas of the Mass, Papal Infallibility and Mariolatry. \par } m!aq01 Introduction (1-6){\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\reP=q00 Paisley - A Concise Guide Christianity RC{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252 [[]Yq02 The Bible (9-23){\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\cf1\lang2058\f0\fs23 9. What does the Free Presbyterian Church teach concerning the reading of the Bible?\par 10. Did the Church of Rome give the Bible to all her members to read?\par 11. How did the Roman Index of Prohibited Books define the act of reading the Bible?\par 12. If-ng2058\f0\fs23 23. Did Jesus Christ appoint an earthly Head to His Church?\par 24. What is the claim of Rome in regard to the Head of the Church on earth?\par 25. What is the official teaching of Rome on the Pope?\par 26. What text in Matthew's Gospel does the Church of Rome use to support her claims for St. Peter being the first Pope?\par 27. Were the Fathers unanimous in their interpretation of the Scripture?\par 28. What other Scripture in Matthew's Gospel does Rome quote to support h.er claim that Peter was the first Pope?\par 29. What text in John's Gospel does Rome put forward to support its claim that Peter was the first Pope?\par 30. How should these Scriptures be interpreted?\par 31. What eight Scriptures show that there is no foundation in the Scriptures for the Papacy?\par 32. How did the Church of Rome obtain the authority she came to exercise in Western Europe?\par 33. Who was the first Bishop of Rome to attempt to exercise authority over other churches?\par / 34. What happened to Victor?\par 35. How did the Popes in the Middle Ages attempt to establish their claims?\par 36. When did the Church of Rome first discover that the Pope was Infallible?\par 37. Did the Church of Rome, prior to 1870, believe that the Pope was Infallible?\par 38. What follows from this Decree on Infallibility?\par 39. Have official utterances of one Pope ever been condemned and rejected by another?\par 40. How did the Papacy define its power?\par 41. How did Pope P0ius IX define Papal authority?\par 42. How did Vatican II define the power of the Pope? \par \par Back to Top \tab 23. Did Jesus Christ appoint an earthly Head to His Church?\par \par The Lord Jesus Christ is the sole King and only Head of His Church and He never appointed any earthly Head of His Church.\par Back to Top \tab 24. What is the claim of Rome in regard to the Head of the Church on earth?\par \par The Church of Rome claims that the Pope as the successor of St. Peter is the Vicar of Ch1rist on earth; the Supreme Head and Infallible Teacher of the Church, and those who do not believe this cannot be saved.\par Back to Top \tab 25. What is the official teaching of Rome on the Pope?\par \par The Creed of Pope Pius IV Section X states: 'I acknowledge the Holy Catholic Apostolic Roman Church for the Mother and Mistress of all Churches, and I promise and swear true obedience to the Bishop of Rome the Successor to St. Peter, Prince of the Apostles and Vicar of Jesus Christ.'\par Back to Top2 \tab 26. What text in Matthew's Gospel does the Church of Rome use to support her claims for St. Peter being the first Pope?\par \par Matthew chapter 16 and verse 18: 'And I say also unto thee, that thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.' The meaning of this text is obvious. Jesus having heard from the disciples the various notions which were entertained of Him, asked them: 'But whom say ye that I am?' and Peter, always more forwar3d than the rest, replied: 'Thou art the Christ, the Son of the living God.' Jesus, having pronounced him blessed, as every believer is (Psalm 32:1), said: 'Thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.' Christ in addressing Peter said: 'Thou art Peter,' using the word 'petros', which signifies a stone, but in referring to the rock He used the word 'petra', which means properly 'an immovable rock'. He does not say: 'Thou art Peter, and upon t4hee I will build my church', but 'upon this Rock.' The Rock he had confessed was Christ the Son of the living God, as though He said: 'Thou art Peter, a living stone in this spiritual edifice, but upon this immovable foundation I will build my church.'\par Back to Top \tab 27. Were the Fathers unanimous in their interpretation of the Scripture?\par \par The Fathers of the church, as the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Kenrick, USA, who attended Vatican I, himself acknowledged, were divided. Eight say the 5Rock means the twelve apostles as a body. Sixteen say it refers to Christ Himself. Seventeen say it refers to St. Peter and forty four say it means the faith which Peter professed. It is clear that the Rock of the church is the infallible Rock of Ages, the Lord Jesus Christ Himself.\par Back to Top \tab 28. What other Scripture in Matthew's Gospel does Rome quote to support her claim that Peter was the first Pope?\par \par Matthew chapter 16 verse 19: 'And I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom 6of Heaven, and whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth shall be bound in Heaven, and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be loosed in Heaven.' 'The granting of the keys to Peter is quoted in proof of his supremacy.' The keys, it is admitted, are a figure and apply to a door. Peter used the keys to open the door of the Gospel church, for he first preached to the Jews (Acts 2:41) and then to the Gentiles (Acts 10), so these words of Christ were fulfilled. The keys of the kingdom of glory belong only to C7hrist, for it is written of Christ that it is He that openeth and no man shutteth, and shutteth and no man openeth (Revelation 3:7). The declaration as to binding and loosing refers to all the apostles, and conferred no peculiar dignity on Peter, for Jesus says: 'Verily, I say unto you, Whatsoever ye shall bind on earth shall be bound in Heaven, and whatsoever ye shall loose on earth shall be loosed in Heaven.' (Matthew 18:18)\par Back to Top \tab 29. What text in John's Gospel does Rome put forward to s8upport its claim that Peter was the first Pope?\par \par John's Gospel chapter 21 verses 15 to 17: 'So when they had dined, Jesus said to Simon Peter: 'Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou me more than these? He saith unto Him, Yea, Lord, thou knowest that I love thee. He saith unto him, Feed my lambs.' Verse 16: 'He saith to him again the second time, Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou me? He saith unto Him, Yea, Lord, Thou knowest that I love Thee. He saith unto him, Feed my sheep. He saith unto him the thi9rd time, Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou me? Peter was grieved because he said unto him the third time, Lovest thou me? And he said unto Him, Lord, Thou knowest all things, Thou knowest that I love Thee. Jesus saith unto him, Feed my sheep.'\par Back to Top \tab 30. How should these Scriptures be interpreted?\par \par The threefold question: 'Lovest thou me?' and the threefold exhortation to 'feed' remind us again of Peter's thrice repeated denial of Jesus. He had disowned his Master three times. He i:s restored to office in a thrice repeated exhortation. He was grieved; therefore no honour was here conferred upon him (note the seventeenth verse). The commission gave no peculiar privilege to Peter. This is the duty of every minister (Acts 20:28). The very word 'Pastor' - 'a shepherd' - is applied in general to ministers and is derived from the Latin word 'pasco' - 'I feed'. There is no Scriptural authority in these verses for the office of the Pope, either as an office which Peter fulfilled or which an;y of the bishops of Rome fulfil.\par Back to Top \tab 31. What eight Scriptures show that there is no foundation in the Scriptures for the Papacy?\par \par Scripture one: Christ taught that all the apostles were equal. Matthew 23:10: 'Neither be ye called masters: for one is your Master, even Christ; and ye are all brethren.' Matthew 23:11: 'But he that is greatest among you shall be your servant.' In Mark 10:42, when the disciples strove among each other for supremacy, Jesus said: 'Ye know that they wa: 'Now when the apostles which were at Jerusalem heard that Samaria had received the Word of God, they sent unto them Peter and John.' (Acts 8:14) Just think of 'His Holiness' the Pope being sent by the Cardinals to preach the Gospel! It is well known that for many years Popes have not preached at all.\par \par Scripture four: A council of the apostles and brethren was held at Jerusalem, Peter was present, and yet the sentence of James was followed (Acts 15:6-29).\par \par Scripture five: The apostle? Paul declares in 2 Corinthians 11:5 that he was not a whit behind the very chiefest apostles, which is inconsistent with the notion of Peter's supremacy.\par \par Scripture six: Peter, James and John are called pillars. 'James, Cephas, and John, who seemed to be pillars.' (Galatians 2:9)Because Peter was a pillar he was not the foundation.\par \par Scripture seven: 'Paul withstood Peter to the face, because he was to be blamed.' (Galatians 2:11) It is hardly the attitude to an 'Infallible Pope.'\par @ \par Scripture eight: When Paul enumerates the various officers of the church he does not say: 'First the chief apostle' or 'the vicar of Christ, Jesus Christ upon earth' or 'the father of kings and princes,' but 'apostles' (Ephesians 4:11).\par Back to Top \tab 32. How did the Church of Rome obtain the authority she came to exercise in Western Europe?\par \par The Church of Rome obtained her power because she was the Church of the chief city of the West. She was rich and had a reputation for orthodoAxy. At a later date the Pope's political activity was the chief factor in increasing Papal supremacy in Western Europe. Papal supremacy has never been recognised in the Eastern Orthodox Church.\par Back to Top \tab 33. Who was the first Bishop of Rome to attempt to exercise authority over other churches?\par \par The first Bishop of Rome to make this attempt was Victor who in 196 AD tried to excommunicate all the Churches of Asia Minor because their method of fixing the date of Easter was different froBm his.\par Back to Top \tab 34. What happened to Victor?\par \par Victor was rebuked for his interference and his act of excommunication was set aside. This demonstrates that Papal supremacy was not then recognised by the church.\par Back to Top \tab 35. How did the Popes in the Middle Ages attempt to establish their claims?\par \par Popes in the Middle Ages frequently attempted to establish their claims by the use of certain decretals. These have since been proved to be forgeries. There comes to liCght among the Isidorian Decretals, sometime between 829 and 845, the definite statement of an edict representing the Emperor as conferring on the Pope the administration of 'our palace, the city of Rome, and the provinces of all Italy'. The Bishop of Paris (858-870) states that the Emperor Constantine after his baptism relinquished Rome to the Apostolic See. The Donation and the Document supporting it remained undisputed down to the middle of the 15th Century and was the grand basis of the Pope's temporalD power. It was exposed by numerous writers for the colossal fraud that it was and the ruinous usurpation it imposed. It is now admitted by Rome to be a fraud.\par Back to Top \tab 36. When did the Church of Rome first discover that the Pope was Infallible?\par \par The Church of Rome did not discover that the Pope was infallible until the year 1870 - just a century and a quarter ago. In 1870 the First Vatican Council decreed that the Pope was infallible when 'in discharge of the office of pastor and teEacher of all Christians, by virtue of his supreme apostolic authority, he defines a doctrine regarding faith or morals to be held by the universal Church'. However, he is not preserved from liability to err when he speaks as a private teacher.\par Back to Top \tab 37. Did the Church of Rome, prior to 1870, believe that the Pope was Infallible?\par \par No! For example, Keenan's Controversial Catechism, a Catechism used in all the schools of Ireland, published in 1860, stated about Papal Infallibility: F'This is a Protestant invention; it is no Article of the Christian faith.'\par Back to Top \tab 38. What follows from this Decree on Infallibility?\par \par It follows from this Decree that if the doctrine of Papal Infallibility is true, the Church of Rome must hold that all Popes have been infallible from the time of the first Bishop of Rome.\par Back to Top \tab 39. Have official utterances of one Pope ever been condemned and rejected by another?\par \par Yes. For example, Pope Honorius was condemGned by the Sixth General Council in 681 and was denounced as a heretic by every Pope who succeeded him until the 11th century. Innocent I and Galacius I were condemned by the Council of Trent. Also, on various occasions two people have at the same time claimed to be Pope, and each has cursed the other as an impostor.\par Back to Top \tab 40. How did the Papacy define its power?\par \par The Bull of Pope Boniface VIII, Unam Sanctam, says: 'We declare, affirm, define and pronounce it to be necessary for Hsalvation for every human creature to be subject to the Roman Pontiff.' This Decree was declared by Cardinal Manning to be infallible and beyond all doubt an act ex cathedra (which means that it is spoken by the Pope as the universal Head of the Church on earth and with the supreme apostolic authority, i.e. an infallible statement.\par Back to Top \tab 41. How did Pope Pius IX define Papal authority?\par \par In the year 1866 Pope Pius IX said: 'I alone, despite my unworthiness, am the successor of theI apostles, the barque of Peter; I am the way, the truth and the life. They who are with me are with the Church; and they who are not with me are out of the Church. They are out of the way, the truth and the life. Let men well understand this, that they be not deceived or led astray by soi-distant Catholics who desire and teach something quite different from what the Head of the Church teaches.'\par Back to Top \tab 42. How did Vatican II define the power of the Pope?\par \par Vatican II - Dogmatic ConsJtitution on Divine Revelation (18 November 1965):\par \par 'This is the unique Church of Christ which in the Creed we avow as one holy catholic and apostolic. [\'85] This church, constituted and organised in the world as a society, subsists in the Catholic Church which is governed by the successor of Peter and by the bishops in union with that succession.' (Chapter 1, paragraph 8)\par \par 'This sacred synod turns its attention first to the Catholic faithful. Basing itself upon sacred Scripture, it teKaches that the church, now sojourning on earth as an exile, is necessary for salvation. [\'85] WHOSOEVER, THEREFORE, KNOWING THAT THE CATHOLIC CHURCH WAS MADE NECESSARY BY GOD THROUGH JESUS CHRIST, WOULD REFUSE TO ENTER HER OR REMAIN IN HER, COULD NOT BE SAVED.' (Paragraph 14)\par \par 'But the college or body of bishops has no authority unless it is simultaneously conceived of in terms of its head, the Roman Pontiff, Peter's successor, and without a lessening of his power and primacy over all, pastors Las well as the general faithful. For in virtue of his office, that is as vicar of Christ and pastor of the whole church, the Roman Pontiff has full, supreme and universal power over the Church. And he can always exercise this power freely.' (Paragraph 22)\par \par 'Therefore his definitions of themselves and not by consent of the church are justly styled irreformable for they are pronounced with the assistance of the Holy Spirit promised to him in blessed Peter. Therefore they need no approval of othersM nor do they allow an appeal to any other judgment.' (Paragraph 25)\par \par Catechism of the Catholic Church - Dublin, Veritas, 1995:\par \par 'The Church is apostolic. She is built on a lasting foundation: "the twelve apostles and the Lamb" (Rev. 21:14) [\'85] Christ governs her through Peter and the other apostles, who are present in their successors, the Pope and the College of Bishops. [\'85] The sole Church of Christ [\'85] subsists in the Catholic Church, which is governed by the successor or Peter and by the bishops in communion with him.' (Paragraphs 869, 870)\par \par 'The Lord made St. Peter the visible foundation of His Church. He entrusted the keys of the church to him. The bishop of the Church of Rome, successor to St. Peter, is "head of the College of Bishops, the Vicar of Christ and Pastor of the universal Church on earth.' (Paragraph 936)\par \par The Pope enjoys, by divine institution, "supreme, full, immediate and universal power in the care of souls".' (Paragraph 937) \par } YYi03 The Pope (24-42){\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\cf1\la,Ps Doctrine of Intention not put uncertainty upon all her religious Sacraments and works?\par 48. What is Baptism?\par 49. What does Rome teach concerning Baptism?\par 50. What does Rome teach happens to children who die unbaptised?\par 51. What is the attitude of our Lord Jesus Christ to children? \par \par Back to Top \tab 43. What does Rome teach about the Sacraments?\par \par The Church of Rome teaches that a Sacrament imparts both sanctity and justice (that is righteousness) to the recQeiver, that this grace is contained in the Sacraments and is invariably conferred on those who do not resist the Holy Ghost; that the Sacraments are the only channels of grace and whosoever says that justification can be obtained without them or without the desire of them, or that they are instituted only for increase of faith is accursed.\par Back to Top \tab 44. Which are the Sacraments of the New Testament?\par \par 'The Sacraments of the New Testament are Baptism and the Lord's Supper.'\par Back tRo Top \tab 45. How may Sacraments are there according to Rome?\par \par The Church of Rome's teaching on the subject of the Sacraments is as follows:\par \par 'Our Lord has instituted seven Sacraments, because they are necessary for our spiritual life. Baptism causes us to be born in Jesus Christ; Confirmation fortifies us; the Eucharist nourisheth us; Penance heals us; Extreme Unction renews our strength in the hour of death; Holy Orders perpetuates the ministers of the Sacrament, and Matrimony perpeStuates the faithful who are to receive them.'\par \par These Sacraments can be easily remembered by keeping in mind the two words 'become up.' Taking the letters that make up those words you have Rome's seven Sacraments:-\par \par 'B' - Baptism\par 'E' - Eucharist\par 'C' - Confirmation\par 'O' - Orders\par 'M' - Matrimony\par 'EU' - Extreme Unction\par 'P' - 'Penance'\par \par Belief in these seven Sacraments first was made binding in the year 1437 at the Council of Florence.\par Back to TopT \tab 46. What does Rome teach in regard to what is necessary for the validity of a Sacrament?\par \par No sacrament is valid unless 'the intention of the priest goes with it.' Where there is no right intention on the part of the priest there can be no Sacrament.\par Back to Top \tab 47. Does Rome's Doctrine of Intention not put uncertainty upon all her religious Sacraments and works?\par \par Yes. It follows from the Roman doctrine of Intention that no man can be certain with the certainty of faith Uthat he receives a true Sacrament, since the Sacrament is not formed without the intention of the minister, and no one can see the intention of another. Intention makes the priest master of the Sacraments. He can dispense or withhold grace at his will and consequently salvation. He leaves his flock in uncertainty as to whether they have ever truly been baptised, confirmed or absolved, or of ever partaken of the benefits of the Lord's Supper or Extreme Unction! Nor on the same hypothesis can he be sure he Vis a priest himself, or the Pope is truly the Pope.\par Back to Top \tab 48. What is Baptism?\par \par 'Baptism is a Sacrament wherein the washing with water in the Name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost, doth signify and seal our engrafting into Christ, and partaking of the benefits of the covenant of grace and our engagement to be the Lord's.'\par Back to Top \tab 49. What does Rome teach concerning Baptism?\par \par The Church of Rome teaches that Baptism regenerates 'inasmuch asW it confers the first sanctifying grace by which original sin is cancelled, and actual sin also if there is any.' 'In Baptism not only sins are remitted but also all the punishment of sin and wickedness are graciously pardoned by God.'\par Back to Top \tab 50. What does Rome teach happens to children who die unbaptised?\par \par Rome teaches that children dying unbaptised 'are born to eternal misery and perdition.'\par Back to Top \tab 51. What is the attitude of our Lord Jesus Christ to children?\par \par Mark 10:13-16: 'And they brought young children to him that He should touch them, and His disciples rebuked those that brought them. But when Jesus saw it He was much displeased, and said unto them, Suffer the little children to come unto me, and forbid them not, for of such is the kingdom of God. Verily, I say unto you, Whosoever shall not receive the kingdom of God as a little child, he shall not enter therein. And He took them up in His arms, put His hands upon them and blessed them.' \par } 66q]04 The Sacraments (43-51){\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\cf1\lang2058\f0\fs23 43. What does Rome teach about the Sacraments?\par 44. Which are the Sacraments of the New Testament?\par 45. How may Sacraments are there according to Rome?\par 46. What does Rome teach in regard to what is necessary for the validity of a Sacrament?\par 47. Does Rome'OZ0 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\cf1\lang2058\f0\fs23 53. What does Rome teach about Confirmation?\par 54. Why do we reject Rome's Confirmation as a Sacrament? \par \par Back to Top \tab 53. What does Rome teach about Confirmation?\par \par The Church of Rome teaches that Confirmation is 'a Sacrament instituted by our Lord by which the faithful who have already been made children of God by Baptism receive the Holy Ghost by prayer, unction or anointing with oil, and the laying on of hands of a Bishop'.\par Back to Top \tab 54. Why do we reject Rome's Confirmation as a Sacrament?\par \par We reject Rome's Confirmation as a Sacrament as practised by the Church of Rome because no such Ordinance was instituted by our Lord Jesus Christ. Rome herself cannot tell when Christ instituted this so-called Sacrament. Her answer is: 'The time is not certain but Divines most probably hold it was instituted at Christ's Last Supper, or between the Resurrection and Ascension.'\par \par Back to Top\par } _}Q06 The Lord's Supper (55-78){\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\cf1\lang2058\f0\fs23 55. What is the Lord's Supper?\par 56. What does the word 'Eucharist' mean?\par 57. How does the Church of Rome define the Eucharist?\par 5\ iA05 Confirmation (53-54){\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;} {\*\generator Riched2Y]8. What is the teaching of Rome with regard to the bread and wine in the Lord's Supper?\par 59. Has the Church of Rome always taught this doctrine?\par 60. What has Rome built upon the doctrine of Transubstantiation?\par 61. How does Rome define the Mass?\par 62. Is the Mass according to Rome a different Sacrifice from that of Calvary?\par 63. What is the objective of the Mass according to the Church of Rome?\par 64. What does the New Testament teach us concerning our Lord's offering for^ sin?\par 65. How does Rome contradict the teaching of the New Testament concerning the Priesthood of our Lord Jesus Christ?\par 66. How is Transubstantiation effected according to Rome?\par 67. What is the correct interpretation of the words: 'This is my Body and this is my Blood'?\par 68. What is the correct interpretation of John 6:54: 'Whosoever eateth my flesh and drinketh my blood hath eternal life, and I will raise him up at the last day'?\par 69. What other Scriptural facts prove th_e Roman doctrine of Transubstantiation is a lie?\par 70. Does the Church of Rome in the Sacrifice of the Mass follow the command of our Lord Jesus Christ?\par 71. In what language has the Mass been celebrated?\par 72. What is the teaching of the Free Presbyterian Church with regard to the language in which public worship ought to be conducted?\par 73. Has Rome's Doctrine of Transubstantiation given rise to abominable superstitions and idolatrous abuses?\par 74. What is the unanswerable ques`tion which the priest of Rome must be asked?\par 75. How does Rome's own two admissions expose the deceit of her Mass dogma?\par 76. Sum up how the Mass is opposed to Scripture and the senses.\par 77. How did Vatican II confirm Rome's doctrine of Transubstantiation and the Mass?\par 78. Does Rome enrich herself by the Mass? \par \par Back to Top \tab 55. What is the Lord's Supper?\par \par 'The Lord's Supper is a Sacrament wherein by giving and receiving bread and wine, according to Christa's appointment, His death is showed forth, and the worthy receivers are not after a corporal or carnal manner but by faith made partakers of His Body and Blood with all His benefits to their spiritual nourishment and growth in grace.' The bread remains bread and the wine remains wine, and the command of Christ is: 'Do this in remembrance of Me.'\par Back to Top \tab 56. What does the word 'Eucharist' mean?\par \par The word 'Eucharist' means 'thanksgiving', and as so understood is unobjectionable, but bit means something different to the Church of Rome.\par Back to Top \tab 57. How does the Church of Rome define the Eucharist?\par \par Rome teaches that 'the Eucharist is the Sacrament of the Body and Blood, Soul and Divinity of Jesus Christ under the appearance of bread and wine'.\par Back to Top \tab 58. What is the teaching of Rome with regard to the bread and wine in the Lord's Supper?\par \par The doctrine of the Church of Rome is that the bread and wine are changed 'truly, really and substantcially into the Body and Blood, together with the Soul and Divinity and the bones and sinews of Christ'. This doctrine is known as Transubstantiation.\par Back to Top \tab 59. Has the Church of Rome always taught this doctrine?\par \par No, it was adopted by the Fourth Lateran Council in 1215. It was finally sanctioned by the Council of Trent in 1551.\par Back to Top \tab 60. What has Rome built upon the doctrine of Transubstantiation?\par \par Rome has built upon this doctrine the service which she dcalls the Sacrifice of the Mass.\par Back to Top \tab 61. How does Rome define the Mass?\par \par Rome defines that 'in the Mass there is offered to God a true, propitiatory Sacrifice for the living and the dead, and that in the most Holy Sacraments of the Eucharist there are truly, really and substantially the Body and Blood, together with the Soul and Divinity of our Lord Jesus Christ, and that there is made a conversion of the whole substance of the bread into the Body, and of the whole substance ofe the wine into the Blood which conversion the Catholic Church calls Transubstantiation. Under either kind alone Christ is received whole and entire and a true Sacrament.'\par Back to Top \tab 62. Is the Mass according to Rome a different Sacrifice from that of Calvary?\par \par The Mass, according to the Church of Rome, 'is not a different sacrifice from that of the Cross, it is the very same sacrifice though offered in a different way'. The Mass and Calvary 'are both one and the same Sacrifice becausef the victim is the same, to whit Jesus Christ, and the High Priest or principle offerer is the same in both, to whit Jesus Christ.'\par Back to Top \tab 63. What is the objective of the Mass according to the Church of Rome?\par \par The objective of the Mass is: 'In this Divine Sacrifice which is performed in the Mass, the same Christ is contained and is bloodlessly immolated, Who once offered Himself Bodily upon the Cross: the Holy Council teaches that this Sacrifice is truly propitiatory, and that byg its means, if we approach God, contrite and penitent, with a true heart, and a right faith and with fear and reverence, we may obtain mercy, and obtain grace in seasonable succour. For the Lord, appeased by the oblation of this Sacrifice, granting grace and the gift of repentance remits even great crimes and sins. There is the one and the same victim, and the same person who now offers by the ministry of the priests, who then offered Himself upon the Cross: the mode of offering only being different. And hthe fruits of that Bloody offering are truly most abundantly received through this offering so far is it from derogating in any way from the former. Wherefore it is properly offered according to the apostolic tradition, not only for the sins, pains, satisfaction; and other wants of the faithful who are alive, but also for the dead in Christ who are not yet fully purged.'\par Back to Top \tab 64. What does the New Testament teach us concerning our Lord's offering for sin?\par \par The New Testament teacihes in Hebrews 10:11-15: 'And every priest standeth daily ministering and offering oftentimes the same sacrifices which can never take away sins. But this man, after He had offered one sacrifice for sins for ever, sat down on the right hand of God. From henceforth expecting till His enemies be made His footstool. For by one offering He hath perfected for ever them that are sanctified.'\par \par Hebrews 7:24-25: 'But this man, because He continueth ever, hath unchangeable priesthood. Wherefore He is ablej also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by Him, seeing He ever liveth to make intercession for them.'\par \par Hebrews 9:22-26: 'And almost all things are by the law purged with blood; and without shedding of blood is no remission. It was therefore necessary that the patterns of things in the heavens should be purified with these; but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these. For Christ is not entered into the holy places made with hands, which are the figures of tkhe true; but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God for us. Nor yet that He should offer Himself often, as the high priest entereth into the holy place every year with blood of others; For them must He often have suffered since the foundation of the world: but now once in the end of the world hath He appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of Himself.'\par \par These Scriptures teach plainly that the Priesthood of Christ is unchangeable and cannot be transferred to others; that His olffering was one offering offered once and for all; and that His offering was the offering of His shed Blood unto God; it was a bloody sacrifice, for without the shedding of blood there is no remission of sins.'\par \par Further, it was a better Sacrifice. His one Sacrifice and Offering combined all the offerings: the burnt offering, the peace offering, the meat offering, the sin offering and the trespass offering. It is better as it has eternal efficacy. It is better because it comprehends all in its scmope. It is better because it cleanses the conscience. It is for us, He presents an Offering of inexhaustible merit which needs no renewing. In the Mass the lamps before the altar are significant of the imperfection of the offering of those who have to renew their light day by day.'\par Back to Top \tab 65. How does Rome contradict the teaching of the New Testament concerning the Priesthood of our Lord Jesus Christ?\par \par The Church of Rome contradicts the plain teaching of the New Testament by affirnming that Jesus Christ has appointed on earth a special new priesthood whose work is to offer Him as a sacrifice for sin, and also by asserting that there Mass is a repetition of the Sacrifice of the Cross through Transubstantiation. Rome teaches: 'Christ has died to institute the priesthood. It was not necessary for the Redeemer to die in order to save the world. A drop of His Blood, a single tear or prayer was sufficient to procure salvation for all: for such a prayer being of infinite value should be soufficient to save not one, but a thousand worlds. But to institute the priesthood the Death of Jesus Christ has been necessary. Had He not died where should we find the victim that the priests of the new law now offer? A victim altogether holy and immaculate capable of giving to God an honour worthy of God. As has been already said, all the lives of men and angels are not capable of giving to God an infinite honour like that which a priest offers to Him by a single Mass.'\par Back to Top \tab 66. How is pTransubstantiation effected according to Rome?\par \par According to Rome, 'The bread and wine are changed into the Body and Blood of Christ by the priest when he says the words "This is my Body and this is my Blood" in the prayer of consecration known as the canon of the Mass, when he says the prayer of consecration with full intention.' That prayer is known as the canon of the Mass.\par Back to Top \tab 67. What is the correct interpretation of the words: 'This is my Body and this is my Blood'?\par q\par These words of Jesus must be interpreted spiritually. The bread and wine are symbols of His Body and His Blood. As Jesus was present in person at the Last Supper when He said: 'This is my body', and His whole Body was present, these words must have been symbolical. At the same time Jesus' Blood had not been shed, therefore the words 'This is my blood' must also have been symbolical.\par \par When debating Tom Corbishley, the head of the Jesuit Order, I put to him the question which he was never abrle to answer. Did he believe, when Jesus said: 'I am the door', that Jesus was a literal door with four panels, a handle and a keyhole? - and when Jesus said: 'I am the true vine',did he believe that Jesus Christ was the literal trunk of a vine tree?\par \par Figurative language such as this is used every day. For instance, a portrait of a person is painted and one describing it says: 'This is Mr. So and so.' Now he does not mean that it is literally the person who is portrayed: he means rather that it sis a representation of the person who is portrayed.\par \par 'This is My Body' - that is the divinely appointed representation of My Body.\par \par 'This is my Blood' - that is the divinely appointed representation of My Blood.\par \par Christ emphasised that His Feast was to be a remembrance one. 'This do in remembrance of Me.' You can only remember a person when he is not literally and bodily present with you. If Christ is literally and bodily on the altar, as Rome proclaims, then the Feast ceasest to be one of remembrance, and that destroys the very foundation of the Lord's Supper.\par Back to Top \tab 68. What is the correct interpretation of John 6:54: 'Whosoever eateth my flesh and drinketh my blood hath eternal life, and I will raise him up at the last day'?\par \par This passage can have no direct reference to the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper because the evident fact is that two Passovers (the Passover was a yearly feast) elapsed between the delivery of these words and the institution ofu the Sacrament (compare John 6:4 with John 12:1); but Christ uses the present tense: 'Except ye eat.' It was their duty right away to eat of that spiritual food, even at the very time when He was delivering His discourse; therefore the words cannot refer to a Sacrament not even then instituted. Even Rome herself does not receive the absolute literacy of these words, for it says here that the Blood must be drunk; yet for centuries Rome refused the wine to her communicants.\par \par If the words 'Except yve eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink His Blood ye have no life in you' referred to the Sacrament and were to be understood literally, this would prove that all who do not receive the Sacrament must perish, yet baptised infants who have not received the Sacrament, according to Rome, are saved. Moreover, if it is received literally then it proves that all communicants are saved. Rome herself will not admit that that is the case. Then what does it mean?\par \par The Scriptures are the best interpretwers of themselves. It says in verse 58: 'He that eateth of this bread shall live for ever.' Compare that with John 3:36: 'He that believeth on the Son hath everlasting life.' There are not two ways of salvation, one by the Sacrament and the other by faith. Eating the bread is a representation of what happens when a person believes, he partakes of everlasting life through the Son of God. Verse 35 of the chapter gives the key to the interpretation: 'He that cometh to me shall never hunger' - that is, eatingx Christ's flesh. How do we eat Christ's flesh? By coming to Him.\par \par 'And he that believeth on me shall never thirst.' How do we drink Christ's Blood? By believing on Him. We feed on Christ by coming to him. We drink His Blood by believing on Him. Salvation is by faith alone.\par \par In verses 62-63 the Saviour explains His meaning clearly. He says: 'What and if ye shall see the Son of Man ascend up where He was before. It is the Spirit that quickeneth; the flesh (mark the words) profiteth nothiyng: the words that I speak unto you, they are spirit, and they are life.'\par \par What was Christ saying? He was saying: 'Do you think that I am speaking of My literal flesh? But my literal flesh shall ascend to heaven, far beyond the reach of being eaten by man. The flesh profiteth nothing. Even though you were to partake of My body, it would not save your souls. The words that I speak unto you, they are the spirit, and they are the life. They have a spiritual signification and they show that you mustz feed on Me by faith, for he that cometh to Me shall never hunger, and he that believeth on Me shall never thirst. Jesus constantly used figurative language in order to enforce the truths which He taught. Instances of such figurative language are found also in Isaiah 55:1-3; John 7:37-39; Matthew 16:5-11.\par Back to Top \tab 69. What other Scriptural facts prove the Roman doctrine of Transubstantiation is a lie?\par \par ONE: The Lord's Supper was commemorative as was the Passover. The Passover Lamb c{ommemorated the Passover, when the Lord said 'this Passover' He meant this commemoration of the Passover. Likewise when He said: 'This is my body,' He spoke of the Supper as a commemorative feast to be observed in remembrance of Him.\par \par TWO: The apostolic reception of Christ's words. The apostles, it is evident, understood our Lord as we do. They were accustomed to figurative language in which the Saviour constantly spoke and which was the current language of the day. There was no argument at the |Table concerning these words: 'This is my body', 'This is my blood', for the disciples knew He was speaking in figurative language.\par \par THREE: The Feast is commemorative from Christ's own words: 'Do this in remembrance of me' and from the apostolic declaration: 'For as often as ye eat this bread and drink this cup, ye do show the Lord's death till He come.' (I Corinthians 11:26.) How could it be done in remembrance of Him if He were literally present in Body, Blood, Soul and Deity?\par \par FOUR:} The words themselves refute Transubstantiation; the apostolic account is destructive of this dogma. It says in I Corinthians 11:23-26 that the cup is the New Testament: here is a double figure of speech. Firstly the cup is put for the wine and secondly the cup is called the New Testament.We ask: Was the cup literally transubstantiated into the New Testament? Notice the apostle used the word: 'After the same manner He took the cup' - that is, the manner in which He took the bread. It therefore cannot and ~does not mean that the bread was literally Christ's Body or the wine literally Christ's Blood, or the cup literally the New Testament.\par Back to Top \tab 70. Does the Church of Rome in the Sacrifice of the Mass follow the command of our Lord Jesus Christ?\par \par No. Even apart from the idolatrous error of the doctrine of Transubstantiation the Church of Rome does not follow the command of our Lord, because the Church of Rome holds that the Mass can be celebrated without the communion of the people, and the cup can be withheld from them.\par \par 'The dogmatic principles laid down by the Council of Trent remain intact. Communion under both kinds may be granted when the bishops think fit, not only to the clerics and religious, but also to the laity in cases to be determined by the Apostolic See.' (Chapter 2 Paragraph 55, of he Constitution of Sared Liturgy, 4.12.63)\par \par ADDITION HERE\par \par One of the dogmatic principles of the Council of Trent was: 'Under either kind alone, Christ is received whole and entire, and a true Sacrament.'\par Back to Top \tab 71. In what language has the Mass been celebrated?\par \par Up until Vatican II the Mass was universally celebrated in the Latin tongue and some services are still in the Latin language.\par Back to Top \tab 72. What is the teaching of the Free Presbyterian Church with regard to the language in which public worship ought to be conducted?\par \par Public worship ought to be conducted in the mother tongue of the people so that, as Scripture commands, they may worship God in truth and understanding with all their heart, with all their soul, with all their mind and with all their strength.\par Back to Top \tab 73. Has Rome's Doctrine of Transubstantiation given rise to abominable superstitions and idolatrous abuses?\par \par Yes. Revolting superstitions and idolatrous abuses have arisen out of the doctrine of Transubstantiation. For example, it has given rise to the Feast of Corpus Christi. Corpus Christi means 'the body of Christ', when the host is carried round as a god and is worshipped. Also revolting rules and dogmas have been laid down by Rome concerning the correct procedure should a fly or spider fall into the consecrated wine, or the priest vomit into the wine, or a mouse nibble the consecrated bread or host.\par \par 'If any one shall say that Christ the only begotten Son of God is not to be adored in the Holy Sacrament of the Eucharist, even with the open worship of lateria, and therefore not to be venerated with any peculiar festal celebrity nor to be solemnly carried about in processions according to the praiseworthy and universal rights and customs of the Holy Church, and that he has not to be publicly set before the people to be adored and that his adorers are idolaters, let him be accursed.'\par \par As the host is mere flour and water, simply a pancake, we refuse to adore it, for God is not made by hands nor can He beworshipped by anything that man makeswith his hands. Psalm 135:15: 'The idols of the heathen are silver and gold, the work of men's hands.' In Acts 19:26 the apostles likewise preach: 'They be no gods which are made with hands.' How could they have thus preached if they believed that the wafer was God?\par \par 'If after consecration a fly hath fallen or anything of that sort, and nausea be occasion to the priest he shall draw it out and wash it with wine, and when the Mass is finished burn it, and the ashes and lotion shall be thrown into the sacrarium, but if he hath not a nausea or fear of any danger he shall drink them with the blood.'\par \par 'If the priest vomit the Eucharist, if the species appear entire, let them be reverently swallowed unless sickness arise, for then let the consecrated species be cautiously separated and laid up in some sacred place till they are corrupted.'\par \par 'If through negligence any of the blood of Christ hath fallen on the floor, on the ground, or on the boards, let it be licked up with the tongue and let the spot be sufficiently scraped, and the scrapings burned and the ashes laid up in the sacrarium.'\par Back to Top \tab 74. What is the unanswerable question which the priest of Rome must be asked?\par \par What do you break when you break the consecrated host in the Mass, as you do, putting one portion into the chalice and partaking of the portion yourself? You say the whole substance of the bread is gone but you have broken some substance. What is it? It cannot be bread, for by your showing it is not there. It cannot be the Body of Christ, for if you say He cannot be broken the immortal and impassible, what is broken when you break the host?\par \par Yet that the subject is so solemn that one would feel amused at the way in which Rome has provided for the disappearance, corruption etc. of her transubstantiated host. For example, 'if the host be putrified or musty or lost, or if a mouse eat it, through carelessness'. We ask again: What is it that becomes corrupted? It cannot be the accidents of smell, taste, look and colour. Rome tells us there is no substance there, but that of the Body of the Redeemer, but surely that cannot corrupt. One must conclude that after all has been said an done there is nothing but bread, consecrated no doubt, but bread still.\par Back to Top \tab 75. How does Rome's own two admissions expose the deceit of her Mass dogma?\par \par 'The Church of Rome teaches that the Sacrifice of the Mass is an unbloody sacrifice and secondly that by it the remission of sins are procured, both for the living and for the dead. We can thus argue, the Mass is an unbloody sacrifice, remission of sin can be obtained by the Mass; therefore remission of sin can be obtained without shedding of blood. But God says in His Word: 'Without shedding of blood is no remission.' Shall we not rather put it thus: 'Without shedding of blood is no remission. In the Mass there is no shedding of blood, therefore in the Mass there is no remission.'\par Back to Top \tab 76. Sum up how the Mass is opposed to Scripture and the senses.\par \par ONE: Christ is bodily absent. The Bible teaches that Christ is bodily absent from us. He is not at this moment with His people in the flesh. He said: 'I go to prepare a place for you, and if I go and prepare a place for you I will come again and receive you unto myself, that where I am there ye may be also.' (See John 14)\par \par TWO: The law forbids the use of blood. The doctrine of the Mass involves a breach of the law of God. The law in Leviticus 17:14 forbids the people to partake of blood. The law was ratified under the Gospel dispensation in Acts 15:28 where the council at Jerusalem stated that there could be no partaking of blood. If the law of God declares there can be no partaking of blood and such a partaking is a violence to God's holy law, how sinful must those be who claim they are partakers, not merely of the blood of an animal but of the blood of the Godman!\par \par THREE: Christ will come Bodily only at His Second Advent. The New Testament knows nothing about any doctrine that Christ comes Bodily to every altar at the whim of a bachelor priest, but the Bible states clearly: 'This same Jesus, which is taken up from you into heaven, shall so come in like manner as ye have seen Him go into Heaven.' Acts 1:11.\par \par FOUR: Christ is not subject to humiliation. The doctrine of Transubstantiation - the Mass which represents that Christ is now humiliated and offered again upon the altar as a sacrifice - is totally opposed to Scripture truth. Christ's humiliation has terminated. He enjoys the reward of His sufferings. He is exalted to God's right hand, and no more humiliation can be His in His fleshly body.\par \par FIVE: Christ's Body is not corruptible. Psalm 16:10: 'Neither wilt Thou suffer Thy Holy One to see corruption.' Yet the so-called Body of Christ in the wafer corrupts continually.\par \par SIX: The host is the work of man's hands, as we have already seen. It is made of flour and water and baked upon the fire.\par \par SEVEN: Transubstantiation destroys the nature of a Sacrament. It destroys the nature of a Sacrament for it sets aside the great object of our Lord's institution of His Supper. We have already seen that this was instituted in remembrance of, and to proclaim His death till He comes. If the host be Christ Himself it is not a remembrance of Him, nor is it a Sacrament or sign or remembrance of the thing signified if it be the very thing itself. 2 Corinthians 5:16: 'Wherefore henceforth know we no man after the flesh: yea, though we have known Christ after the flesh, yet now henceforth know we Him no more.'\par \par EIGHT: The Senses and Transubstantiation. It subverts the evidence upon which all human belief and Christianity themselves rest. All our knowledge is ultimately derived through the senses which are five - sight, hearing, smelling, tasting and feeling. Were it not for the senses the apostles and we ourselves could know nothing of Christ. They saw and heard Him, the appeal to the senses as the highest evidence. 1 John 1:1: 'That which was from the beginning, which we have heard, which we have seen with our eyes, which we have looked upon, and our hands have handled of the Word of Truth.' Acts 1:3: 'To whom also He shewed Himself alive, after his passion by many infallible proofs, being seen of them forty days, and speaking of the things pertaining to the kingdom of God.' Deprive man of his senses and he can know nothing. The apostles on the evidence of two senses believed Christ. On the evidence of all our senses we disbelieve Transubstantiation. The eyes see, the ears hear if the wafer falls on the ground, the nose smells, the hand feels, the palate tastes. The wafer is not a human body; it is only a flour and water pancake.\par Back to Top \tab 77. How did Vatican II confirm Rome's doctrine of Transubstantiation and the Mass?\par \par VATICAN II - THE DOCUMENT DOGMATIC CONSTITUTION OF THE CHURCH (21.11.64):\par \par 'Taking part in the Eucharist Sacrifice which is the font and apex of the whole Christian life, they offer the Divine victim to God and offer themselves along with it.' (Chapter 11 Paragraph 2)\par \par VATICAN II - CONSTITUTION ON THE SACRED LITURGY (4.12.6):\par \par 'Christ is always present in His church, especially in her liturgical celebrations. He is present in the sacrifice of the Mass, not only in the person of His minister, the same one now offering through the ministry of priests who formerly offered Himself on the Cross, but especially under the Eucharistic species. By His power He is present in the Sacraments.' (Chapter 1, Paragraph 7)\par \par 'At the last Supper on the night when He was betrayed, our Saviour instituted the Eucharistic Sacrifice of His Body and Blood. He did this in order to perpetuate the Sacrifice on the Cross throughout the centuries until He should come again.' (Chapter 2, Paragraph 47)\par \par 'They should give thanks to God by offering the immaculate victim, not only through the hands of the priest, but also with him they should learn to offer themselves.' (Chapter 2, Paragraph 48)\par \par 'The dogmatic principles which were laid down by the Council of Trent remain intact.' (Chapter 2, Paragraph 55)\par \par ADDITION - Catechism 309\par Back to Top \tab 78. Does Rome enrich herself by the Mass?\par \par Yes. One very prominent feature of the Mass as conducted in the Roman Church is the financial support it brings in. It is by all odds the largest income producing ceremony in the church. In Ireland there is a saying: 'High money, high Mass; low money, low Mass; no money, no Mass!' \par } iests irrespective of their morality have these transcendent powers?\par 83. Is there any authority in the Scripture for the doctrine of Rome concerning the priesthood?\par 84. What is the only mediatorial priesthood recognised in the New Testament?\par 85. To what source is the origin of the priestly Orders of Rome traced?\par 86. Are the bishops and priests of Rome able to trace their decent in apostolic succession from Peter?\par 87. Does the Church of Rome permit priests to marry?\par 88. What does the New Testament teach concerning priesthood?\par 89. What does the Free Presbyterian Church teach concerning the ministry?\par 90. What does the New Testament say concerning the marriage of ministers?\par 91. What is the fatal error of the Romanist?\par 92. What conclusions must we draw from the teaching of the Scripture concerning the Romish priesthood?\par 93. What was the teaching of Vatican II concerning apostolic succession?\par 94. What is the view of the Church of Rome on the ministry of the Church of England? \par \par Back to Top \tab 79. What, according to Rome, is meant by Holy Orders?\par \par According to the Church of Rome Holy Orders is a Sacrament 'which gives bishops, priests and inferior clergy to the Church, and enables them to perform their several duties in it'.\par Back to Top \tab 80. What functions does Rome actually claim for her priests?\par \par Rome claims that her priests stand between God and the sinner, and Rome declares that there is no access to God but through them. This is seen in the fact that 'they negotiate with God the interests of the sinner's salvation; they interpret for the people the Word of God; they hear their confessions of sin in the room of God and give absolution; they consecrate and offer up the sacrifice for sin which propitiates God; and finally they pronounce as God the absolution that God alone can pronounce.'\par Back to Top \tab 81. What special powers does Rome ascribe to her priests?\par \par Liguori, whose works are declared to be altogether free from censure, says: 'The priest has the power of delivering sinners from Hell; of making them worthy of Paradise and of changing them from the slaves of Satan into the children of God ... What God can do by His omnipotence the priest also can do by saying: "I absolve thee".'\par Back to Top \tab 82. Does Rome hold that priests irrespective of their morality have these transcendent powers?\par \par Yes. The Council of Trent declared that 'even those priests who are living in mortal sin exercise the same function of forgiving sins as ministers of Christ', and it pronounced a curse on 'those who say that priests in mortal sin have not the power of binding and loosing'. The Church, in fact, declared in other words that the most immoral man, if a priest, holds the place of the Saviour Himself when he says: 'I absolve thee.'\par Back to Top \tab 83. Is there any authority in the Scripture for the doctrine of Rome concerning the priesthood?\par \par No. The apostles were not appointed to be priests and they were never called priests. The offering of sacrifice had no place whatever among their duties. Moreover, by the Sacrifice of the Cross Christ made the end of sacrificing, for after He had offered one sacrifice for sins, He sat down at the right hand of God.\par Back to Top \tab 84. What is the only mediatorial priesthood recognised in the New Testament?\par \par That of Christ Jesus the Great High Priest, Who by one offering has perfected forever those who are sanctified. There is a sense, not the Romish sense, in which all believers are kings and priests unto God. They offer up prayer and praise, not the bloodless sacrifice of the Mass. 'But ye are a chosen generation, a royal priesthoood, an holy nation, a peculiar people; that ye should shew forth the praises of him who called you out of darkness into his marvellous light.' I Peter 2:9.\par Back to Top \tab 85. To what source is the origin of the priestly Orders of Rome traced?\par \par The many grades and sub-divisions of the Romish priesthood together with their ceremonies and pretensions indicate that the details of the Romish hierarchy were borrowed from paganism. The pagans had their major and minor pontiffs, and at the head of all was the Pontifex Maximus or Sovereign (Greatest) Pontiff. This corresponds exactly with the Roman Catholic hierarchy with its major and minor prelates headed by the Pope who takes that pagan title Pontifex Maximus or Sovereign Pontiff. The Pontifex Maximus among the pagans was both king and priest, supreme in all matters temporal and spiritual. In this a Pope is his exact copy.\par Back to Top \tab 86. Are the bishops and priests of Rome able to trace their decent in apostolic succession from Peter?\par \par No. History being the witness they are not able to do so, and even if they were able the line of descent would not be either honourable or credible. Romish historians themselves have testified that among the most impious and ungodly men of Europe from the 9th to the 16th centuries were the popes and cardinals of the Church of Rome - men who claim to be the successors of Peter and through whom the so-called line of apostolic succession runs.\par Back to Top \tab 87. Does the Church of Rome permit priests to marry?\par \par The Church of Rome says that 'the clergy may not marry; marriage to them is a pollution'.\par Back to Top \tab 88. What does the New Testament teach concerning priesthood?\par \par The New Testament teaches that all believers are kings and priests unto God.\par Back to Top \tab 89. What does the Free Presbyterian Church teach concerning the ministry?\par \par The Free Presbyterian Church teaches that the ministry is an office within the church for the preaching of the Word, the administration of the Sacraments, and the care of souls exercised by those who obeying the call of Christ are duly chosen and ordained thereto.\par Back to Top \tab 90. What does the New Testament say concerning the marriage of ministers?\par \par The pastoral epistles teach that the ministers may marry. Also we are told that Peter, whom the Church of Rome claims to have been the first Pope, was a married man.\par Back to Top \tab 91. What is the fatal error of the Romanist?\par \par He places his trust in the priest and the sacrament instead of placing it in Christ with whom there is no uncertainty. Neither the work nor the Word of Christ can fail, but the work and word of the priest will fail.\par Back to Top \tab 92. What conclusions must we draw from the teaching of the Scripture concerning the Romish priesthood?\par \par It is that the priests of Rome are not the depositories of the grace of God: their office is without warrant, their apostolic succession is a fiction, and they themselves are usurpers who have included themselves into the place of Christ. In other words they are Antichrist.\par Back to Top \tab 93. What was the teaching of Vatican II concerning apostolic succession?\par \par Vatican II - the Dogmatic Constitution of the Church - stated: '... The divine mission entrusted by Christ to the apostles will last until the end of the world ... for this reason the apostles took care to appoint successors in this hierarchically structured society.' (Chap. 3, para. 20)\par \par Vatican II - the Decree of the Bishop's Pastoral Office in the Church (28th October, 1965) - stated: '... By virtue of sacramental consecration and hierarchically communion with the Head and other members of the college a bishop becomes a part of the episcopal body. The Order of Bishops is the successor to the college of the apostles in teaching authority and pastoral rule, or rather in the episcopal Order the apostolic body continues without a break. Together with its Head the Roman Pontiff and never without this Head the episcopal Order is the subject of supreme and full power over the universal Church, but this power can be exercised only with the consent of the Roman Pontiff.' (Chap. 1, para. 4)\par \par The Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1995, para. 865 - states: 'The Church is apostolic. She is built on a lasting foundation: "the twelve apostles of the Lamb" (Rev. 21:14). She is indestructible (cf. Matt. 16:18). She is upheld infallibly in the truth: Christ governs her through Peter and the other apostles, who are present in their successors, the Pope and the college of bishops.'\par Back to Top \tab 94. What is the view of the Church of Rome on the ministry of the Church of England?\par \par Rome does not recognise the ministry of the Church of England: it holds that the Orders of the Church of England are absolutely null and void, and that the Archbishop of Canterbury himself is only a lay person. Dean Jackson had this comment to make on the Romanist view of the Church of England:\par \par 'Their principle exception against our Church and ministry is that our priests in their ordination do not receive the power of sacrificing Christ's Body and Blood in the Sacrament. But their inserting this clause into the form of ordination doth prove their priesthood to be anti-Christian.'\par \par A former Bishop of Edinburgh commented: 'It comes then simply to this: Can we surrender the principles for which the Anglican Church has steadily contended for the last 350 years, or can we hold the doctrines of our Church and with due regard for the ordinary and rational rules by which historical documents are interpreted? Can we reconcile the sense of our historical and authoritative standards of doctrine with the authoritative doctrine of the Church of Rome? The only answer to each question: It is impossible. How then can our Orders be valid in her view? And how can we consistently desire that it should be otherwise?'\par \par Note: Those comments are from Churchmen who in their day remained faithful to the Protestant Reformed Church of England as by Law established. What hypocrisy for Cardinal Hume to take part in the Consecration of Dr. Carey when he holds as infallible truth that the Archbishop's Ministerial Orders are 'utterly null and void'. \par } !07 Holy Orders And Priesthood (79-94){\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\cf1\lang2058\f0\fs23 79. What, according to Rome, is meant by Holy Orders?\par 80. What functions does Rome actually claim for her priests?\par 81. What special powers does Rome ascribe to her priests?\par 82. Does Rome hold that pr Testament?\par 97. What does the Free Presbyterian Church believe concerning marriage? \par \par Back to Top \tab 95. What is Matrimony according to the Church of Rome?\par \par Rome teaches that matrimony is a Sacrament appointed by Christ; that it confers grace; that celibacy is a state superior to marriage, and that the Church's authority to alter the Levitical law regarding the impediments to marriage, either cancelling or adding to those laid down in Scripture; that the Church has a right to prohibit the solemnisation of marriage in certain seasons; that matrimonial causes belong exclusively to ecclesiastical judges and that marriage is invalid unless contracted in the presence of the parish priest or some other priest authorised by him.\par Back to Top \tab 96. Is Matrimony presented as a Sacrament in the New Testament?\par \par Matrimony is never presented in the New Testament as a Sacrament, but it is declared to be honourable in all. (Hebrews 13:4)\par Back to Top \tab 97. What does the Free Presbyterian Church believe concerning marriage?\par \par We believe that true Christian marriage takes place only in the Lord and those who are Christians should not be unequally yoked with unbelievers. They should marry their own desiring to live true to the mind of Christ, supported and instructed by the faith and love of Christian fellowship, and should, therefore, commit themselves to the solemn intention of making Christ the Head of their home and the Head of all their practices. \par } S!S }10 The Forgiveness of Sins (108-122){\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\3 I-09 Sin (98-107){\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fni^ ]q08 Matrimony (95-97){\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\cf1\lang2058\f0\fs23 95. What is Matrimony according to the Church of Rome?\par 96. Is Matrimony presented as a Sacrament in the Newl\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\cf1\lang2058\f0\fs23 98. What is sin?\par 99. Are all sins equally wicked?\par 100. What does every sin deserve?\par 101. How does Rome divide sins?\par 102. How does Rome define mortal sins and venial sins?\par 103. What sins does Rome call mortal?\par 104. What sins does Rome call venial?\par 105. How is forgiveness obtained for mortal sin according to Rome?\par 106. How is forgiveness obtained for venial sin according to Rome?\par 107. Why has Rome devised this elastic code of morals? \par \par Back to Top \tab 98. What is sin?\par \par Sin is any want of conformity unto or transgression of the law of God.\par Back to Top \tab 99. Are all sins equally wicked?\par \par Some sins, in themselves and by reason of several aggravations, are more wicked in the sight of God than others.\par Back to Top \tab 100. What does every sin deserve?\par \par Every sin deserveth God's wrath and curse both in this life and that which is to come.\par Back to Top \tab 101. How does Rome divide sins?\par \par The Church of Rome divides sin into two classes - mortal sins and venial sins.\par Back to Top \tab 102. How does Rome define mortal sins and venial sins?\par \par Mortal sin is a thorough violation of God's commandments with full knowledge and deliberation, and venial sin is either a slight infringement of the law or it may be in some cases a great violation of the law but rendered slight through want of knowledge, deliberation or freedom. Mortal sin, as the term indicates, merits eternal punishment. Venial sin is said to merit only temporal punishment in this world and in purgatory.\par Back to Top \tab 103. What sins does Rome call mortal?\par \par The principle mortal sins are said to be seven - pride, covetousness, lust, anger, gluttony, envy and slouth. To these others are added. It has been declared by Rome, for example, a mortal sin not to hear Mass or not to keep Holy days.\par Back to Top \tab 104. What sins does Rome call venial?\par \par Venial sins are divided into two classes. Some are venial, that is they take people by surprise. Of this kind are all those that are not perfectly voluntary as the sudden motions of lust, anger, envy and other similar to these which exist in the mind before the reason has had time to deliberate. Other venial sins are those that are of a trivial nature, such as the theft of a pin, an apple, a farthing or a vain word or jesting lie that hurts nobody. Ligouri shows in his writings, which have been declared by the Church to contain not one word worthy of censure, that there is no sin which the Church cannot by her endless distinctions and reserve cases make venial, so that every precept of the ten commandments can be innocently broken and result only in venial sin.\par Back to Top \tab 105. How is forgiveness obtained for mortal sin according to Rome?\par \par Such sin must be confessed to the priest, otherwise it cannot be forgiven. If confessed to the priest, absolution is obtained in the Sacrament of Penance. By this means the eternal punishment due is escaped.\par Back to Top \tab 106. How is forgiveness obtained for venial sin according to Rome?\par \par Venial sins need not be confessed to the priest. The sinner must make atonement for them himself by Penance, by Indulgences or by sufferings borne in Purgatory. The right however is reserved to the Church, that is the clergy, to determine what sins are mortal and what sins are venial.\par Back to Top \tab 107. Why has Rome devised this elastic code of morals?\par \par By such a code of morals the Church accomplishes a twofold result. On the one hand by her mortal sins which she alone can forgive, she retains her hold upon the people through their fear of the eternal world. On the other hand by her many venial sins she ingratiates herself with the pleasure-loving multitude. Moreover, she turns her doctrine of sin to great financial profit. \par } colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\cf1\lang2058\f0\fs23 108. If the wages of sin is death is salvation possible?\par 109. What did Christ do in order to meet the claims of divine justice and secure salvation?\par 110. Was Christ's Work as a Saviour complete, or did it need to be supplemented in any way by the work of man?\par 111. Are repentance and faith necessary on the part of the sinner?\par 112. What is faith in Jesus Christ?\par 113. What is repentance?\par 114. How is God's Word made effectual to the salvation of the sinner?\par 115. What is the name given to the doctrine according to which the sinner who believes in Christ receives the forgiveness of sins and is accepted in the sight of God?\par 116. What is justification?\par 117. What does the New Testament teach concerning salvation and good works?\par 118. What is the doctrine called which describes the making positively holy the sinner who has believed in Jesus?\par 119. What is Rome's doctrine on absolution?\par 120. In what way is Rome's teaching objectionable?\par 121. How do you understand the text John 20:23: "Whosesoever sins ye remit, they are remitted unto them; and whosesoever sins ye retain, they are retained"?\par 122. How do you understand the passage in Matthew 18:18 which states: "Whatsoever ye shall bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatsoever ye shall loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven"? \par \par Back to Top \tab 108. If the wages of sin is death is salvation possible?\par \par Yes. God has provided a way by which sins may be pardoned and the sinner be saved, that He may be "just and the justifier of him which believeth in Jesus" (Romans 3:26).\par Back to Top \tab 109. What did Christ do in order to meet the claims of divine justice and secure salvation?\par \par He assumed man's nature and became subject to the divine law. He rendered perfect obedience to that law and suffered its penalty in the place of His people. Then in token that His Sacrifice was accepted He arose from the dead, ascended up into Heaven, and now ever lives to make intercession for us. "He hath made Him to be sin for us, Who knew no sin, that we might be made the righteousness of God in Him." (II Corinthians 5:21.)\par Back to Top \tab 110. Was Christ's Work as a Saviour complete, or did it need to be supplemented in any way by the work of man?\par \par It was complete: no work of man could add to its infinite worth. Christ said on the Cross: "It is finished" and Paul declared: "There is therefore now no condemnation to them which are in Christ Jesus." (John 19:30 and Romans 8:1.)\par Back to Top \tab 111. Are repentance and faith necessary on the part of the sinner?\par \par Yes, the command is: "Repent" and "Believe"; but such repentance and faith are not of the nature of works, either preparatory for or contributory to the Perfect Work of Christ.\par Back to Top \tab 112. What is faith in Jesus Christ?\par \par Faith in Jesus Christ is a saving grace whereby we receive and rest upon Him alone for salvation as He is offered to us in the Gospel.\par Back to Top \tab 113. What is repentance?\par \par Repentance unto life is a saving grace whereby a sinner, out of a true sense of his sin, and apprehension of the mercy of God in Christ, does with grief and hatred of his sin turn from it to God with full purpose of and endeavour after new obedience.\par Back to Top \tab 114. How is God's Word made effectual to the salvation of the sinner?\par \par The Spirit of God makes the reading, but especially the preaching of the Word, an effectual means of convincing and converting sinners and of building them up in holiness and comfort through faith unto salvation.\par Back to Top \tab 115. What is the name given to the doctrine according to which the sinner who believes in Christ receives the forgiveness of sins and is accepted in the sight of God?\par \par It is called justification by faith, or by grace.\par Back to Top \tab 116. What is justification?\par \par Justification is an act of God's free grace, wherein He pardons all our sins and accepts us as righteous in His sight, only for the righteousness of Christ imputed to us and received by faith alone.\par Back to Top \tab 117. What does the New Testament teach concerning salvation and good works?\par \par The New Testament teaches that we are saved only by the grace of God, and that good works are an evidence of salvation, not the cause of it. As Martin Luther said: "A good man does good works but the good works do not make him a good man.''\par Back to Top \tab 118. What is the doctrine called which describes the making positively holy the sinner who has believed in Jesus?\par \par The doctrine of sanctification. Sanctification is a work of God's free grace whereby we are renewed in the whole man after the image of God, and are enabled more and more to die unto sin and live unto righteousness.\par Back to Top \tab 119. What is Rome's doctrine on absolution?\par \par She teaches that the priest pronounces absolution as a judge conveying pardon. "If any one shall say that the sacramental absolution of the priest is not a judicial act but a bare ministerial act of pronouncing and declaring to the person confessing that their sins are forgiven, provided only he believes himself to be absolved. Or if the priest does not seriously absolve him but only in joke or shall say that the confession of the penitent is not required for absolution let him be accursed."\par Back to Top \tab 120. In what way is Rome's teaching objectionable?\par \par She teaches that absolution by a priest pardons the guilt and eternal punishment of sin, and that without absolution except in an extraordinary case pardon cannot be had. This puts the work of the soul's salvation firmly in the hand and will of the priest.\par Back to Top \tab 121. How do you understand the text John 20:23: "Whosesoever sins ye remit, they are remitted unto them; and whosesoever sins ye retain, they are retained"?\par \par These words can only be understood when one looks at how the apostles understood them, and the apostles understood them in the exercise of the preaching of the Gospel only. Nowhere in Scripture did they forgive any man or woman their sins, but, rather, they preached:\par \par "He that believeth on the Son hath everlasting life" (John 3:36) and\par \par "Neither is there salvation in any other, for there is none other name under heaven, given among men, whereby we must be saved" (Acts 4:12).\par \par "Be it known unto you, therefore, men and brethren, that through this Man is preached unto you the forgiveness of sins, and by Him all that believe are justified from all things from which ye could not be justified by the law of Moses" (Acts 13:38-39).\par \par "And they said, Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ and thou shalt be saved" (Acts 16:31).\par \par The apostles in practice showed that they understood these words to mean that 'whosesoever sins ye are the means of remitting by the preaching of the Gospel, they are remitted unto them; but whosesoever sins your preaching of the Gospel fails as the means to remit, those sins may thus be said to be retained by you, they are retained'. For the Gospel, while it is the savour of life unto life to some, is the savour of death unto death by others. This view is evident, as we have said, from the conduct of the apostles. They forgave sins by preaching and not by saying: "I absolve thee.''\par Back to Top \tab 122. How do you understand the passage in Matthew 18:18 which states: "Whatsoever ye shall bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatsoever ye shall loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven"?\par \par This refers to the power which was committed to the apostles as founders of the Christian church to release from the obligations of the Mosaic law, and to bind upon the people whatsoever was necessary. It is a power which did not descend beyond the apostles. Even if it had descended it would have pertained equally to all churches. \par } as to Indulgences?\par 124. On what is the doctrine of Indulgences founded?\par 125. To what purpose is the spiritual treasury to be applied?\par 126. Name any object for which an Indulgence may be bought.\par 127. Does Rome issue Indulgences for the dead? \par \par Back to Top \tab 123. What does Rome hold as to Indulgences?\par \par She holds that the power is vested in the Church to remit the temporal punishment of sin, even when the sinner is in Purgatory.\par Back to Top \tab 124. On what is the doctrine of Indulgences founded?\par \par On that of supererogation according to which the superabundant merits of Christ and His saints are supposed to be lodged in the Treasury of the Church at the disposal of the Pope and his Bishops.\par Back to Top \tab 125. To what purpose is the spiritual treasury to be applied?\par \par By Indulgences to the remission of the pains of Purgatory.\par Back to Top \tab 126. Name any object for which an Indulgence may be bought.\par \par The purpose for which Indulgences may be bought varies in different countries. For example, in Spain it was possible for a thief to obtain an Indulgence to enable him to retain stolen property provided he did not know from whom it was stolen, and also provided that he gave one tenth of its value to the Church of Rome.\par Back to Top \tab 127. Does Rome issue Indulgences for the dead?\par \par Yes. The church of Rome issues Indulgences for the dead for the relief of their suffering in an alleged Purgatory. \par } ;- ] 12 Penance (128-141){\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pardɛ2 m 11 Indulgences (123-127){\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\cf1\lang2058\f0\fs23 123. What does Rome hold \cf1\lang2058\f0\fs23 128. What does Rome teach concerning Penance?\par 129. What does Rome teach about the necessity of Penance?\par 130. By whom must Penance be administered?\par 131. How often must the Sacrament be administered?\par 132. What are the component parts of Penance?\par 133. When was Penance first considered a Sacrament by the Church of Rome?\par 134. Is there any Scriptural authority for the Sacrament?\par 135. Does the Confessional give undue power to priests?\par 136. Where is Confession made?\par 137. What course is adopted in the Confessional?\par 138. What is the nature of the conversation at the Confessional?\par 139. Do you regard this system as immoral?\par 140. Why do you opposes oracular confession?\par 141. What did Vatican II teach about Penance and the Confessional? \par \par Back to Top \tab 128. What does Rome teach concerning Penance?\par \par Rome teaches it is a Sacrament "by which the benefit of the death of Christ is applied to those who have fallen after Baptism".\par Back to Top \tab 129. What does Rome teach about the necessity of Penance?\par \par Rome teaches it is "as necessary to salvation for those who have sinned after Baptism, as Baptism itself is for the unregenerate".\par Back to Top \tab 130. By whom must Penance be administered?\par \par By a priest. Baptism is validly administered by a layman, even a heretic, but Penance can only be administered by a priest. The priest may be a man of immoral character, but Rome affirms that that does not interfere with the efficacy of the Sacrament.\par Back to Top \tab 131. How often must the Sacrament be administered?\par \par At least once a year, the most acceptable time being Lent.\par Back to Top \tab 132. What are the component parts of Penance?\par \par They are three: Contrition, Confession and Satisfaction. The priest is satisfied then confers absolution.\par Back to Top \tab 133. When was Penance first considered a Sacrament by the Church of Rome?\par \par Not until the 13th Century.\par Back to Top \tab 134. Is there any Scriptural authority for the Sacrament?\par \par Absolutely none. It is in some parts of it a perversion of repentance, and in other parts it is a perversion of the ordinance of discipline.\par Back to Top \tab 135. Does the Confessional give undue power to priests?\par \par Yes. They acquire therein a knowledge of all family and even state secrets. Servants communicate the affairs of their masters; wives tell of those of their husbands; and ministers, governors and kings tell of those of the State. The priestly Confessor of the King of France used to say: "With my God in my hand [referring to the wafer] and my King at my knee" [referring to the Confessional] who can greater be?"\par Back to Top \tab 136. Where is Confession made?\par \par This depends upon circumstances, it is usually made at the Confessional Box which is erected in Churches but frequently in private rooms, those of the priest or the penitent.\par Back to Top \tab 137. What course is adopted in the Confessional?\par \par The priest sits while the penitent kneels and whispers into his ear.\par Back to Top \tab 138. What is the nature of the conversation at the Confessional?\par \par It is necessarily of the most polluted kind, because sin is the subject matter of Confession.\par Back to Top \tab 139. Do you regard this system as immoral?\par \par Yes. The priest's mind is polluted by becoming the receptacle of the impurity of his flock, while again he may take advantage of the knowledge he has acquired for his own wicked purposes.\par Back to Top \tab 140. Why do you opposes oracular confession?\par \par (1) Because it is without authority.\par \par (2) It is an infringement upon the prerogative of God. We should confess to Him and Him alone.\par \par (3) It gives power to the priest. When he knows all secrets his power over his penitents is complete.\par \par (4) It is immoral in its tendency. The priest speaks and is specially trained and instructed to speak upon the most improper subjects to both sexes. Some of the questions asked by the priest to his female penitents are so obscene that they cannot be printed in the common language of the people.\par Back to Top \tab 141. What did Vatican II teach about Penance and the Confessional?\par \par Vatican II - the Pastoral Office in the Church (28th October, 1965)\par \par The matter of Penance is a central issue to the spiritual life according to the documents of Vatican II. One of the Directives to the Bishops is in the matter of Penance. If he desires to be a proper spiritual overseer to those in his Diocese he must see that the faithful take part in the Eucharist often, and this participation must be preceded by Penance. "Pastors should also be mindful of how much the Sacrament of Penance contributes to developing Christian life, and therefore should make themselves available to hear the confessions of the faithful." (Chap. 2, para. 30)\par \par Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1995: \par } rator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\cf1\lang2058\f0\fs23 142. What is Purgatory according to Rome?\par 143. On what two false pillars does Purgatory rest?\par 144. Explain Matthew 5:25-26 and show that it cannot possibly prove Purgatory.\par 145. How do you interpret I Corinthians 3:13-15?\par 146. What are the pretensions of the Church of Rome as to the relief of souls in Purgatory?\par 147. How do Romanists obtain Indulgences?\par 148. Where are Masses to be obtained?\par 149. How does the cruelty of the priesthood appear in this respect?\par 150. How do the poor endeavour to make provision in order to secure the offering up of Masses for the dead?\par 151. Can the priest possibly say what amount of Masses shall satisfy for the deliverance of souls in Purgatory?\par 152. How does Purgatory contradict the Holy Scriptures?\par 153. How does the doctrine of Purgatory affect the Roman Catholic Church?\par 154. What did Vatican II confirm concerning the Roman teaching on Purgatory?\par 155. What happens to believers at death?\par 156. What happens to the wicked at death?\par 157. What happens to the believers at the Resurrection?\par 158. What shall be done to the wicked at the day of Judgment?\par 159. What benefits do believers receive from Christ at the Resurrection? \par \par Back to Top \tab 142. What is Purgatory according to Rome?\par \par The place of torment for those who die in venial sin or who have not paid the temporal punishment of sin, expiate their guilt previous to their being admitted into heaven.\par Back to Top \tab 143. On what two false pillars does Purgatory rest?\par \par The distinction of sin into venial and mortal and the extending of temporal punishment of sin beyond the grave.\par Back to Top \tab 144. Explain Matthew 5:25-26 and show that it cannot possibly prove Purgatory: "Agree with thine adversary quickly, whilst thou art in the way with him, lest at any time the adversary deliver thee to the judge, and the judge deliver thee to the officer and thou be cast into prison. Verily I say unto thee, Thou shalt by no means come out thence till thou hast paid the uttermost farthing."\par \par The sinner is in the case of the debtor who has nothing wherewith to pay his debt. He must therefore remain in prison for ever - so the text, rather than proving Purgatory, and escape from the same, disproves any escape from punishment after death in judgment.\par Back to Top \tab 145. How do you interpret I Corinthians 3:13-15? "Every man's work shall be made manifest; for the day shall declare it, because it shall be revealed by fire; and the fire shall try every man's work of what sort it is. If any man's work abide which he hath built thereupon, he shall receive a reward. If any man's work shall be burned, he shall suffer loss; but he himself shall be saved; yet so as by fire."\par \par If the passage refers to Purgatory it would prove that every man must go there. That is not the doctrine of the Church of Rome. The fire is said to try not to purify, whereas the Romish doctrine is that the fire of Purgatory purifies or purges. The apostles are not referring here to sin, they are referring here to service.\par Back to Top \tab 146. What are the pretensions of the Church of Rome as to the relief of souls in Purgatory?\par \par Rome teaches that she can shorten their punishment by Indulgences and Masses.\par Back to Top \tab 147. How do Romanists obtain Indulgences?\par \par By the performance of certain actions, the offering of certain prayers and by connection with certain sodalites or societies. i.e. the Scapular, the Cord of St. Francis, the Sacred Heart, and by labouring for the perversion of Protestants.\par Back to Top \tab 148. Where are Masses to be obtained?\par \par The more money, the more benefit; thus the rich according to the Church of Rome have greater advantages over the poor.\par Back to Top \tab 149. How does the cruelty of the priesthood appear in this respect?\par \par They pretend to possess the power of relieving souls in Purgatory and yet they only offer Masses in proportion to the amount paid.\par Back to Top \tab 150. How do the poor endeavour to make provision in order to secure the offering up of Masses for the dead?\par \par They form Purgatorian Societies in which they pay a certain amount weekly mainly hoping that the various sums will be put to their account in the spiritual bank of Purgatory opened by the priest.\par Back to Top \tab 151. Can the priest possibly say what amount of Masses shall satisfy for the deliverance of souls in Purgatory?\par \par No. They do not even pretend to do this. They cannot say when the soul leaves Purgatory.\par Back to Top \tab 152. How does Purgatory contradict the Holy Scriptures?\par \par (1) It contradicts the Scripture doctrine of complete salvation in Christ (John 5:24).\par \par (2) It completely contradicts the teaching of Scripture that when a believer dies his soul goes immediately to Heaven (Luke 23:43: "And Jesus said unto him, Verily, I say unto thee, Today shalt thou be with me in Paradise." Philippians 1:22: "For I am in a strait betwixt two, having a desire to depart and be with Christ, which is far better." II Corinthians 5:8: "[\'85] to absent from the body and to be present with the Lord.")\par Back to Top \tab 153. How does the doctrine of Purgatory affect the Roman Catholic Church?\par \par The propagation of the doctrine of Purgatory serves to greatly enhance the financial posture of the Roman Church. Just as Jacob Macabees collected money for the sacrifice for those who had died in battle, so today sacrifices for all the dead in Purgatory are offered by priests only after they have received sums of money. What loving relative or friend would not expend great sums of money to see that a dead loved one be relieved of his or her punishment in a place like Purgatory? This is exactly what the Roman Church emphasises throughout the world. It is no wonder that the Roman Church possesses such a vast financial holdings and properties in various parts of the world. A large part of this is paid for by the monies received by the Church in return for sacrifices made for the dead in Purgatory. It is easy to see than the positive affect the doctrine of Purgatory has on the Roman Catholic Church and why they so diligently uphold it and teach it.\par \par In addition to the positive financial affect on the Roman Catholic Church the teaching of the doctrine of Purgatory also serves to assure the faithfulness of vast numbers of Roman Catholic people to the demands of the Church. Only through the priests may an individual purchase the sacrifices which are so desperately needed to release souls from Purgatory. To turn your back on this fact would only assure the extended sufferings of loved ones in Purgatory. Hence the people, in a sense, are at the mercy of the demands of the Roman Catholic priests. They must remain faithful. Outside the Church they have no hope for themselves and most assuredly no hope for their loved ones in Purgatory. Therefore, the Roman Catholic Church benefits not only financially from the doctrine of Purgatory but also in numbers of people who continue to embrace Catholicism.\par Back to Top \tab 154. What did Vatican II confirm concerning the Roman teaching on Purgatory?\par \par The documents of the Vatican II Council had little to say about the doctrine of Purgatory, but what they did say was quite significant. In regard to the faithful in Purgatory who are still being purified this statement was made:\par \par Vatican II - Dogmatic Constitution of the Church:\par \par "This most sacred Synod accepts with great devotion the venerable faith of our ancestors regarding this vital fellowship with our brethren who are in heavenly glory, or who are still being purified after death." ['Those still being purified after death' obviously refers to those in Purgatory.]\par \par In essence the Synod or Council of Vatican II reaffirmed the traditional doctrines of the Roman Catholic Church, especially in regard to Purgatory. In fact, it stated that "the Vatican II Council proposes again the Decrees of the Second Council of Nicea, the Council of Florence and the Council of Trent, and at the same time as part of its own pastoral solicitude this Synod urges all concerned to work hard to prevent or correct any abuses, excesses or defect which may have crept in here and there, and to restore all things to more ample praise of Christ and God."\par \par Very simply, the Vatican Council Documents merely reaffirm the doctrines affirmed in the Council of Nicea, the Council of Florence and the Council of Trent. These documents which include the doctrine of Purgatory are to be maintained, Vatican II directed, "exactly as they were written in their respective documents of these councils" (Chap. 7, para. 51).\par \par Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1995:\par \par "All who die in God's grace and friendship, but still imperfectly purified, are indeed assured of their eternal salvation; but after death they undergo purification, so as to achieve the holiness necessary to enter the joy of heaven. The Church gives the name Purgatory to this final purification of the elect, which is entirely different from the punishment of the damned." (Para. 1030, 1031)\par \par "From the beginning the Church has honoured the memory of the dead and offered prayers in suffrage for them, above all the Eucharistic sacrifice, so that, thus purified, they may attain the beatific vision of God. The Church also commends almsgiving, indulgences and works of penance undertaken on behalf of the dead." (Para. 1032)\par Back to Top \tab 155. What happens to believers at death?\par \par The souls of believers are at their death made perfect in holiness, and do immediately pass into Glory, and their bodies being still united to Christ do rest in their graves till the Resurrection.\par Back to Top \tab 156. What happens to the wicked at death?\par \par The souls of the wicked are at their death cast into Hell where they remain in torments and utter darkness, and their bodies kept in their graves as in their prisons until the Resurrection and Judgment of great day.\par Back to Top \tab 157. What happens to the believers at the Resurrection?\par \par At the Resurrection those believers that are then found alive shall in a moment be changed - and the self-same bodies of the believing dead which were laid in the grave, being then again united to their souls for ever, shall be raised up by the power of Christ. The bodies of the just by the Spirit of Christ and by virtue of His Ressurection as their Head shall be raised in power, spiritual, incorruptible and made like to His Glorious Body.\par Back to Top \tab 158. What shall be done to the wicked at the day of Judgment?\par \par At the day of Judgment the wicked shall be set on Christ's left hand, and upon clear evidence and full conviction of their own consciences shall have the fearful but just sentence of condemnation pronounced against them, and thereupon shall be cast from that favourable presence of God and the glorious fellowship with Christ His saints and all His holy angels into Hell to be punished with unspeakable torments both of body and soul with the devil and his angels for ever.\par Back to Top \tab 159. What benefits do believers receive from Christ at the Resurrection?\par \par At the Resurrection believers being raised up in Glory shall be openly acknowledged and acquitted in the day of judgment and made perfectly blessed in the full enjoying of God to all eternity. \par } iQ14 Mariolatry (160-187){\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\cf1\lang2058\f0\fs23 160. What worship does the Church of Rome teach should be given to the mother of our Lord?\끹ee13 Purgatory (142-159){\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;} {\*\genepar 161. What are the grounds on which Rome bases this worship of Mary?\par 162. Did Rome always hold the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception?\par 163. In this doctrine taught in the New Testament or was it known in the early church?\par 164. What did St. Alphonsus Ligouri teach about those who do not worship and serve Mary?\par 165. Give the terms of Rome's Decree declaring Mary's Immaculate Conception?\par 166. What is Rome's legend about the Assumption of Mary?\par 167. Has this legend been always believed by the Church of Rome?\par 168. When was the Assumption of Mary declared to be an official Dogma of the Church?\par 169. What are some of the names given by Rome to Mary?\par 170. What are the three names which Rome uses which more than any others exalt Mary?\par 171. Does Rome teach expressly that Mary has taken Christ's place as Saviour and that she is the source of salvation?\par 172. Does Rome teach that Christ cannot disobey Mary's commands?\par 173. Does Rome make Mary a partner mediator with Christ in the work of redemption?\par 174. Give a specimen of the language Rome uses to Mary which exalts her to the Godhead.\par 175. Describe the Scapular of the Virgin.\par 176. What is the meaning of this badge?\par 177. Is the book The Glories of Mary, from which many of the preceding extracts on Mariolatry have been taken, a reliable authority of Rome's teaching on the subject?\par 178. What is the Rosary?\par 179. What is the Ave maria or Hail Mary?\par 180. Is the Rosary much valued by the Church?\par 181. How ought we to regard Mary?\par 182. To what source must the worship of the Madonna and Child be originally traced?\par 183. What does Rome teach about Mary's house at Nazareth?\par 184. What is the irresistible inference to be drawn from Rome's exaltation and worship of Mary?\par 185. Why is it wrong to worship Mary?\par 186. What judgment does the Word of God pass upon Rome's doctrine and practise of Mariolatry?\par 187. How did Vatican II confirm Rome as a Marian sect? \par \par Back to Top \tab 160. What worship does the Church of Rome teach should be given to the mother of our Lord?\par \par Prayers are addressed to her and she is honoured with hyperdulia: this is a word coined by the Church to indicate the highest kind of worship which, according to her, may be given to a created being. A careful review of Rome's books of devotion affords the fullest proof that among Romanists Mary divides the honours of Divine Worship and even Divinity with the Supreme Being.\par Back to Top \tab 161. What are the grounds on which Rome bases this worship of Mary?\par \par On the pretended ground that she was born without a taint of sin, that after death she was miraculously taken up to Heaven, and that she assists Christ in the work of Redemption. Her sinlessness is termed by Rome her 'Immaculate Conception.' Her taking up into Heaven is termed the 'Assumption of Mary', while her assisting of Christ gives her the title of 'Co-Redemptorist'.\par Back to Top \tab 162. Did Rome always hold the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception?\par \par No, the promulgation of it dates no further back than December 8th, 1854, when it was proclaimed by Pope Pius IX. Such a fact in connection with the doctrine that enthrones Mary beside Christ and declares her to be a Saviour more able and more compassionate than He, reveals a serious defect in a Church which claims to be infallible. If the doctrine were true what a loss the members of the Church of Rome must have sustained through ignorance of it for the last twelve centuries.\par Back to Top \tab 163. In this doctrine taught in the New Testament or was it known in the early church?\par \par The whole Word of God teaches the contrary, even as Paul declares that all have sinned and fallen short of the glory of God. Mary's own language confirms that she acknowledged she was a sinner and needed salvation when she exclaimed: "My spirit hath rejoiced in God my Saviour." The teaching was unknown to the apostolic church, and in the writing of the fathers of the first five centuries it was never once mentioned. Not one great name can be quoted for it during the first eleven centuries. On the contrary, no fewer than fourteen Popes oppose it.\par Back to Top \tab 164. What did St. Alphonsus Ligouri teach about those who do not worship and serve Mary?\par \par He taught that those who do not serve Mary will not be saved and that we after obtain more promptly what we ask by calling on the name of Mary than by invoking that of Jesus.\par Back to Top \tab 165. Give the terms of Rome's Decree declaring Mary's Immaculate Conception?\par \par "We declare, pronounce and define that the doctrine which holds that the Blessed Virgin Mary at the first instance of her conception by a singular privilege and grace of the Omnipotent God, in virtue of the merits of Jesus Christ the Saviour of mankind, was preserved Immaculate from all stain of original sin has been revealed by God, and therefore should firmly and constantly be believed by the faithful. Wherefore if any shall dare which God avert to think otherwise than it has been defined by us, they should know and understand that they are condemned by their own judgment, that they have suffered shipwreck of the faith, and have revolted from the unity of the Church [...] let the children of the Catholic Church most dear to us hear these words and with a more ardent zeal of piety, religion and love proceed to worship, invoke and pray to the most Blessed Virgin Mary."\par Back to Top \tab 166. What is Rome's legend about the Assumption of Mary?\par \par It is that Mary died at the age of 72, that all the apostles were in distant countries at the time, that they were all with the exception of Thomas miraculously conveyed in the clouds to be present at her death, that they buried her at Gethsemane, and that three days after, when Thomas appeared, they opened the tomb that he might see her, but that, though the grave had been carefully guarded, they found nothing but the graveclothes. Whereupon they concluded that she had been taken up to Heaven.\par Back to Top \tab 167. Has this legend been always believed by the Church of Rome?\par \par No. It was treated at first as a fable, and in the 5th century Pope Gelasius condemned it as apocryphal. Gradually however, it began to be accepted and ultimately Pope Sextus IV appointed by decree a festival in honour of the assumption, to be observed annually on 25th August. This festival is regularly observed both by the Greek and the Roman Church.\par Back to Top \tab 168. When was the Assumption of Mary declared to be an official Dogma of the Church?\par \par It was promulgated as a Roman Dogma in as late as 1950 by Pope Pius XII.\par Back to Top \tab 169. What are some of the names given by Rome to Mary?\par \par The following are only a few of them: 'Mother of Divine Grace'; 'Ark of the Covenant'; 'Gate of Heaven'; 'Morning Star'; 'Refuge of sinners'; 'Comforter of the afflicted'; 'Help of Christians'; 'Latter of Promise'; 'Treasury of Divine Grace'; 'Mother of Mercies'; 'Advocate of sinners'; 'Propitiatory of the whole world'; 'Mediatrix of Grace'; 'Way of Salvation'; and 'Queen of Heaven'.\par Back to Top \tab 170. What are the three names which Rome uses which more than any others exalt Mary?\par \par She is called the Daughter of God the Father, the Mother of God the Son, and the Spouse of the Holy Ghost. Such names most plainly imply that Mary is honoured as the fourth person of the Godhead, for more exalted names could not be given to the Divine Being.\par Back to Top \tab 171. Does Rome teach expressly that Mary has taken Christ's place as Saviour and that she is the source of salvation?\par \par Yes. Pope Pius IX by whom the Decree was promulgated, declared that the clause in the first promise: "It shall bruise Thy head", applied to Mary, for that it was she who crushed the serpent's head with her immaculate foot. Accordingly Romanists are taught to address Mary in the following terms: "In taking flesh in your chaste womb God has been pleased to become your debtor in order to place afterwards at your disposal all the treasures of His abounded mercy [ ]we hope for grace and salvation from you and since you need but say the words: 'Ah, do so'; you shall be heard and we shall be saved."\par Back to Top \tab 172. Does Rome teach that Christ cannot disobey Mary's commands?\par \par Yes. Rome expresses it thus: "The Blessed Virgin having lodged the Son of God in her womb requires from Him as the price of her hospitality peace for the earth, salvation for the lost and life for the dead." In keeping with this is the prayer: "O Empress and our most benign Lady, by the right of a mother command thy most beloved Son our Lord Jesus Christ that He vouchsafe to raise our minds from the love of earthly things to Heavenly desires who liveth and reigneth." Rome actually declares that "all is subject to Mary's Empire even God Himself and that God hears her prayers as if they were commands".\par Back to Top \tab 173. Does Rome make Mary a partner mediator with Christ in the work of redemption?\par \par Yes. She declares it to be absolutely necessary to the salvation of the sinner. Her words are: "Because men fear Jesus Christ, that Divine Person who is destined one day to judge them, it has been necessary to give them a Mediator with the Mediator, and none was so fit for this office as Mary His mother." Accordingly she teaches that "no grace, no pardon emanates from the Throne of the King of kings without passing through the hands of Mary [...]; no one enters Heaven without passing through her."\par Back to Top \tab 174. Give a specimen of the language Rome uses to Mary which exalts her to the Godhead.\par \par "All the earth doth worship thee the spouse of the Eternal Father. All the angels and archangels, all thrones and powers do faithfully serve thee. To thee all angels cry aloud with never ceasing voice Holy, Holy, Holy Mary Mother of God. Thou sittest with thy Son on the right hand of the Father [ ] in the sweet Mary is our Hope, defend us for evermore. Praise becometh thee, Empire becometh thee, Virtue and Glory be unto thee for ever and ever."\par \par Such language could not be matched in the world again outside the Church of Rome for utter blasphemy.\par Back to Top \tab 175. Describe the Scapular of the Virgin.\par \par It is a small badge, made of two pieces of woolen stuff, about the size of a hand, hanging by two little laces down from the neck upon both the breast and the back of the wearer. It has on the one side a picture of the Madonna and Child each with a burning heart. At the head of the Mother is surrounded with rays; on the other side it has the representation of the Virgin treading on the serpent.\par Back to Top \tab 176. What is the meaning of this badge?\par \par The legend believed by the Church of Rome is that Mary appeared in 1251 to Simon Stock, a Carmelite Friar in England, and gave him a Scapular in imitation of her own garment, with instructions that this Scapular was henceforth to be the badge of the confraternity of our Blessed Lady of Mount Carmel: and the promise moreover was given with it that whosoever would enter the confraternity of the Blessed Virgin, and wear that habit, would be absolved from the third part of their sins, and if after death they would go to Purgatory the most sacred Virgin would deliver them from thence on the first Saturday after their death. The Virgin is said to have given this promise direct to Pope John XXI.\par Back to Top \tab 177. Is the book The Glories of Mary, from which many of the preceding extracts on Mariolatry have been taken, a reliable authority of Rome's teaching on the subject?\par \par Yes, it is of the highest authority along with the other writings of St. Ligouri. It was pronounced by Pope Pius VII in 1803 and Pope Leo XII in 1825 to be without error. Liguori was canonised in 1831 by Pope Gregory XVI and it was announced at his Beatification that he had performed more than a hundred miracles during his life and twenty eight after his death. The late Cardinal Wiseman declared that he could be in two places at one and the same time; so that he must have been a very fit person and proper man to expound the doctrines of Rome.\par Back to Top \tab 178. What is the Rosary?\par \par The Rosary is an arithmetical guide to Romish devotion of comparatively modern use in the Roman Church. It is a string of beads larger and smaller designed to aid the worshipper in repeating a definite number of Paternosters (Our Fathers) and Ave Marias (Hail Marys). There are as many as twenty forms of Rosary devotions enumerated by standard authorities. The most ordinary form has five decades (or tens) of smaller beads making in all fifty each decade separated by a single large bead making in all five. The arrangement is that for every one of the fifty smaller beads the Romanist offers up a prayer to Mary, the Ave Maria, and for every one of the larger ones he offers up a prayer to God, the Lord's Prayer. In other words, the Romanist is taught to pray ten times to Mary for every one that he prays to God.\par Back to Top \tab 179. What is the Ave maria or Hail Mary?\par \par This favourite prayer to Mary consists of three parts. One, the salutation of the angel; two, the words of Elizabeth; and three, a prayer added to these by the authority of the Church. That prayer is as follows: "Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women and blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and in the hour of our death Amen."\par Back to Top \tab 180. Is the Rosary much valued by the Church?\par \par It is the most popular form of devotion among Romanists. It has been strongly recommended by many Popes and great indulgences have been promised to those who practice it.\par Back to Top \tab 181. How ought we to regard Mary?\par \par We ought to hold her in respectful remembrance as one who was honoured among women in being the mother of the Man Christ Jesus: but we ought not to forget that she was a sinner even as others, saved by grace even as others.\par Back to Top \tab 182. To what source must the worship of the Madonna and Child be originally traced?\par \par To paganism. The ancient Babylonians worshipped a goddess mother and child; in Egypt they were worshipped Isis and Osiris; in India as Isi and Iswam; in Rome as Fortuna and Jupiter the boy; in Greece as Ceres and the Babe.\par Back to Top \tab 183. What does Rome teach about Mary's house at Nazareth?\par \par  Rome teaches that it was miraculously transferred in 1291 by angels from Palestine to Dalmatia, from that four and a half years after to the neighbourhood of Recanati in Italy and finally to its present site at Loretto in Italy. For this there is no proof whatsoever. The reputed house is a small brick house with one door and one window, originally of rude material and construction, but now enclosed in a splendid chapel most expensively and elaborately finished. As many as tens of thousands of Masses are s aid at it annually, more than forty thousand pilgrims visit it annually and its treasury of votive offerings is one of the richest in Europe. The present Pope has made it a special shrine for Mary by personally visiting it and doing homage there to Mary.\par Back to Top \tab 184. What is the irresistible inference to be drawn from Rome's exaltation and worship of Mary?\par \par It is that the religion of the Church of Rome has now less claim than ever to be called Christianity. It is undisguised Marian ism.\par Back to Top \tab 185. Why is it wrong to worship Mary?\par \par It is wrong to worship Mary and the saints because the New Testament teaches that worship is to be given to God alone and that the only Mediator between God and man is our Lord Jesus Christ.\par Back to Top \tab 186. What judgment does the Word of God pass upon Rome's doctrine and practise of Mariolatry?\par \par It passes sentence of unqualified condemnation on both. The doctrine of the Immaculate Conception of Mary is a denia l of the universal sinfulness of the human family; and the doctrine of the Assumption and Coronation of Mary is an exaltation of the creature to a level with the Creator. The worship of Mary is idolatry of the most deliberate type and it is an overwhelming proof of the antichristian character of the Papal system. The church so-called that exalts and invokes as a Saviour the Virgin Mary in preference to Christ or even along with Christ cannot be a branch of the Church of Christ. Christ said: "He that is no t with me is against me."\par Back to Top \tab 187. How did Vatican II confirm Rome as a Marian sect?\par \par In the statements made about Mary in the Constitutions and Decrees of that Council and especially in chapter eight of the Dogmatic Constitution of the Church. Chapter 8 is entitled 'The Role of the Blessed Virgin Mary Mother of God in the mystery of Christ and the church.'\par \par Here are some extracts:-\par \par "In this church adhering to Christ the Head and having communion with all His saints the faithful must also venerate the memory of the glorious and perpetual Virgin Mary Mother of our God and the Lord Jesus Christ." (Para. 52)\par \par "Hence she is acknowledged and honoured as being truly the Mother of God and the Mother of the Redeemer." (Para. 53)\par \par "It is no wonder then that the usage prevailed among the holy fathers whereby they called the Mother of God entirely holy and free from all stain of sin fashioned by the Holy Spirit into a kind of new substance and new creature." (Para. 56)\par \par "Finally preserved free from all guilt of original sin the Immaculate Virgin was taken body and soul into heavenly glory upon the completion of her earthly sojourn. She was exalted by the Lord as Queen of all, in order that she might be more thoroughly conformed to her Son the Lord of lords and the Conqueror of sin and death." (Para. 59)\par \par "In an utterly singular way she cooperated by her obedience faith hope and burning charity in the Saviour's work of restoring supernatural life to souls. From this reason she is a Mother to us in the order of grace." (Para. 61)\par \par "This maternity of Mary in the order of grace began with the consent which she gave in faith at the annunciation and which she sustained without wavering beneath the Cross. This maternity will last without interruption until the eternal fulfilment of all the elect. For taken up to Heaven she did not lay aside this saving role but by her manifold acts of intercession continues to win for us gifts of eternal salvation. There fore the Blessed Virgin is invoked by the Church under the Titles of Advocate, Auxiliatrix, Adjutrix and Mediatrix." (Para. 62)\par \par "Mary was involved in the mysteries of Christ. As the most Holy Mother of God she was, after her Son exalted by divine grace above all angels and men. Hence the Church appropriately honours her with special reverence. Indeed from the most ancient times the Blessed Virgin has been venerated under the Title of Godbearer. Especially after the Council of Ephesus the cult of the people of God toward Mary wonderfully increased in veneration, in love, in invocation and imitation. This cult is altogether special. Still it differs essentially from the cult of adoration which is offered to the Incarnate Word as well as to the Father and Holy Spirit. Yet devotion to Mary is most favourable to this supreme cult. The Church has endorsed many forms of Deity towards the Mother of God providing that they were within the limits of sound and orthodox doctrine." (Para. 66)\par \par "This most holy synod deliberately teaches this Catholic doctrine and at the same time it admonisheth all the sons of the CHurch that the cult, especially the liturgical cult of the Blessed Virgin be generously fostered. It charges that practices and exercises of devotion toward her be treasured as recommended by the teaching authority of the Church in the course of centuries and that those decrees issued in earlier times regarding the veneration of images of Christ the Blessed Virgin and the saints be religiously observed.' (Para. 67)\par \par "Let the entire Body of the faithful pour forth perseveringly prayer to the Mother of God and Mother of men. Let them implore that she who aided the beginnings of the church by her prayers may now, exalted as she is in Heaven above all the saints and angels, intercede with her Son in the fellowship of all the saints. May she do so until all the peoples of the human family whether they are honoured with the name of Christian or whether they still do not know their Saviour or happily together in peace and harmony into the one people of God, for the glory of the most Holy and undivided Trinity." (Para. 69)\par \par Catechism of the Cacholic Church, 1995:\par \par "The Church's devotion to the Blessed Virgin is intrinsic to Christian worship. The Churhc rightly honours the blessed Virgin with special devotion. [ ] The liturgical feasts dedicated to the Mother of God and Marian prayer, such as the rosary, an 'epitome of the Gospel', express this devotion to the Virgin Mary." (Para. 971)\par \par "Mary - Eschatological Icon of the Church. [ ] In her we contemplate what the Church already is in her mystery on her own 'pilgrimage of faith', and what she will be in the homeland at the end of her journey. There, 'in the glory of the Most Blessed and Undivided Trinity', 'in the communion of all the saints', the Church is awaited by the one she venerates as Mother of her Lord and as her own mother." (Para. 972)\par \par Back to Top\par } en by Protestants?\par 190. How does Rome create her saints?\par 191. Prove that Rome teaches praying to and worship of angels and saints.\par 192. Why must we regard this doctrine of Rome?\par 193. What does Rome teach concerning images?\par 194. What is the second commandment?\par 195. What is forbidden in the second commandment?\par 196. How does Rome get over the second commandment which states that we must not make or bow down or serve graven images?\par 197. What does the Church of Rome understand by relics?\par 198. What are the two classes of relics principally prized by Rome?\par 199. Name some of the relics which are displayed and honoured by the Church of Rome.\par 200. What honour is said to be due to relics?\par 201. What fact is positive disproof of the genuiness of Rome's relics?\par 202. What is the boast of the Church of Rome in regard to the working of miracles?\par 203. Does not the character of the doctrines, in support of which the miracles of Rome are appealed to, warrant us to reject them?\par 204. What is the moral code or character of Rome's alleged miracles?\par 205. What was Newman's opinions of the miracles of Rome before he turned over to the Romish Church?\par 206. Is this feature of Rome's character not foretold and severely condemned in the Scriptures?\par 207. What is prayer?\par 208. What rule has God given for our direction in prayer? \par \par Back to Top \tab 188. What does the word 'saint' mean in the New Testament?\par \par According to the New Testament all who believe savingly on the Lord Jesus Christ are saints.\par Back to Top \tab 189. Is the term used in an unscriptural manner even by Protestants?\par \par The term 'saint' as a title is borrowed from the usage of the Church of Rome and is applied by her only to such as she has canonised. The custom of calling some of God's people saints and withholding the name from others is not only inconsistent but is a concession to Romish modes of thought.\par \par Abraham, Moses, David, Isaiah and Daniel were as truly saints as Matthew, Paul, Peter and John. Yet, by many the latter are called Saint Matthew, Saint Paul, St. Peter and St. John while the appellative of Saint is never given to any others. In the original Greek of the New Testament the title saint is not prefixed to the names of either evangelists or apostles. All believers are saints.\par Back to Top \tab 190. How does Rome create her saints?\par \par The Pope institutes first of all a formal inquiry into the qualifications of the person for whom the honour is sought - his or her character and miracles. One official, called the devil's advocate, advances all he can against him or her and he is answered by another advocate who successfully of course defends him or her. The examination terminated satisfactorily the Pope pronounces the beatification of the candidate. Some years afterwards time having been given to collect new proofs of his merits, such as miracles performed by his relics, the canonisation takes place and his name is inserted in the Canon of saints in the Mass hence canonisation. Churches and altars are then consecrated to him or her and his remains are preserved as holy relics.\par Back to Top \tab 191. Prove that Rome teaches praying to and worship of angels and saints.\par \par In the Missal there are prayers such as the following: "May the intercession, O Lord, of Bishop Peter Thy apostle render the prayers and offerings of Thy church acceptable to Thee that the mysteries we celebrate in his honour may obtain for us the pardon of our sins." There is a prayer that the Romanist is taught to address his guardian angel: "O my good angel whom God by His divine mercy hath appointed to be my guardian enlighten and protect me, direct and govern me this night, Amen."\par Back to Top \tab 192. Why must we regard this doctrine of Rome?\par \par It is a pure invention of man or rather of Satan and wholly unwarranted in Scripture. It ignores the precious truth that Christ has come in the flesh and that in Him we have a High Priest who can be touched with the feelings of our infirmities; it is fitted to lead sinners away from Christ the only Mediator; and it is gross idolatry.\par Back to Top \tab 193. What does Rome teach concerning images?\par \par The Church of Rome teaches that "images are representations of Christ of His Blessed Mother or of the saints and members of the Church of Rome, members are encouraged to pay them homage and give them votive offerings". In practise this leads to the wor ship of images that is idolatry, which is forbidden in the second commandment.\par Back to Top \tab 194. What is the second commandment?\par \par "Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image or any likeness of anything that is in Heaven above or that is in the earth beneath or that is in the water under the earth. Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them nor serve them. For I the Lord thy God am a jealous God visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation !of them that hate me and show mercy unto thousands of them that love me and keep my commandments."\par Back to Top \tab 195. What is forbidden in the second commandment?\par \par The second commandment forbiddeth the worshipping of God by images or any other way not appointed by His Word.\par Back to Top \tab 196. How does Rome get over the second commandment which states that we must not make or bow down or serve graven images?\par \par The Church of Rome oftentimes omits the second commandment com"pletely from her Catechisms, as for example in the Maynooth Catechism and Butler's Irish Catechism. Having omitted the second commandment, Rome then changes the tenth commandment into two parts in order still to have ten commandments.\par Back to Top \tab 197. What does the Church of Rome understand by relics?\par \par The dead bodies or bones of the saints also whatever other things belong to them in their mortal life.\par Back to Top \tab 198. What are the two classes of relics principally prized by# Rome?\par \par They are (1) Particles of the skull, bones, skin, teeth, hair, nails and drops of blood of the saints and (2) the instruments of torture by which they suffered death.\par Back to Top \tab 199. Name some of the relics which are displayed and honoured by the Church of Rome.\par \par The Church of Rome displays and honours among a great many other things the following alleged relics -the hair of St. Magdalene, stones thrown at St. Stephen, hay from the manger of Bethlehem, the tail of Ba$alim's ass, a tooth of St. Paul, pairings of St. Edmund's toes - and it is said there are more heads of St. Peter than one or two.\par Back to Top \tab 200. What honour is said to be due to relics?\par \par The Council of Trent did not define it. Modern authorities declare that relics are "dear pledges which animate their confidence in the communion and intercession of the saints", and that there ought to be rendered to them !an inferior and relative honour as they relate to Christ and the saints and t%heir memorials of them". At the formal exhibition of relics at St. Peter's in Rome formal and public worship is offered to them and the Pope and Cardinals kneel before them as they do before the host and the altar.\par Back to Top \tab 201. What fact is positive disproof of the genuiness of Rome's relics?\par \par The fact that there are so many relics of each apostle and saint and so many duplicates of every article of primitive interest. The apostles must each have had several heads and a correspondi&ng number of limbs to have furnished the present supply. Helena who discovered the Cross must have had three bodies as there is now one in the Church of Aracaeli in Rome, a second in the Continent of Hautvilliers near Rheims and a third in Constantinople - each one honoured as the true body of the saint. The Cross must have been of enormous size to have furnished all the pieces now exhibited. There are even relics of angels, for example the feather of Michael the Archangel.\par Back to Top \tab 202. What' is the boast of the Church of Rome in regard to the working of miracles?\par \par She claims that that power has been transmitted to her; that her relics, images and saints have all wrought and continue still to work miracles. Cardinal Newman said: "Certainly the Catholic Church from east to west, from north to south is hung with miracles."\par Back to Top \tab 203. Does not the character of the doctrines, in support of which the miracles of Rome are appealed to, warrant us to reject them?\par \par (Yes, God declared that any sign given or wonder wrought in support of any doctrine contrary to His Word is, without further examination, to be pronounced false.\par Back to Top \tab 204. What is the moral code or character of Rome's alleged miracles?\par \par It has been to a great extent of a low unworthy and childish type. According to Schaff the miracles of the Church of Rome have been not so much supernatural and above reason but unnatural and against reason. We are told for example how St. Berinus) after being full sail for France, finding he had forgotten something, walked by dryshod on the sea; how St. Dionysius after being beheaded took his head in his hand and walked two miles; how St. Anthony made a heretic's horse do obeisance to the host by inclining his head and kneeling; how St. Hilarion in answer to the appeal of one of the faithful who patronised the turf but was invariably beaten by his antagonist gave him a jug of water with which to sprinkle his horses and the course, the result being* that his horses were able to fly past his competitors and win every race! In contrast to all this the miracles of Christ were works of dignity and power which always corresponded with the object of His mission and were themselves a beautiful illustration of the blessings He came to bestow.\par Back to Top \tab 205. What was Newman's opinions of the miracles of Rome before he turned over to the Romish Church?\par \par Newman said that such miracles were "unworthy of an all-wise author", and he added: "+The notorious insincerity and frauds of the Church of Rome in other things were in themselves enough to throw a strong suspicion on its testimony to its miracles." After he seceded to the Church of Rome he accepted her miracles, even the bowing of her crucifixes, the winking of her madonnas and the liquidification of the blood of St. Januarius.\par Back to Top \tab 206. Is this feature of Rome's character not foretold and severely condemned in the Scriptures?\par \par Yes. One of the features of the ma,n of sin, as described by Paul, is that his coming "is after the working of Satan, with all power and signs and lying wonders [literally with all power and signs and wonder of falsehood, the term 'falsehood' referring to each of the three preceding substantives] and with all deceivableness or unrighteousness in them that perish". For twelve or fifteen centuries the Church of Rome has filled up with her false dogmas and spurious miracles this apostolic outline of the character of the great apostasy.\par Back to Top \tab 207. What is prayer?\par \par Prayer is an offering up of our desires unto God for things agreeable to His will in the Name of Christ with confession of our sins and thankful acknowledgement of His mercies.\par Back to Top \tab 208. What rule has God given for our direction in prayer?\par \par The whole Word of God is of use to direct us in prayer, but the special rule of direction is that form of prayer which Christ taught His disciples, commonly called 'The Lord's Prayer'. \par } ``<5Q15 Saints, Angels, Image Worship (188-208){\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\cf1\lang2058\f0\fs23 188. What does the word 'saint' mean in the New Testament?\par 189. Is the term used in an unscriptural manner ev/\fs23 210. What was the reason for the Reformation?\par 211. How did Rome react?\par 212. Did the Reformation involve, as Rome asserts, heresy and schism?\par 213. Has the term 'Protestant' a negative aspect and a positive aspect? \par \par Back to Top \tab 210. What was the reason for the Reformation?\par \par Rome by her domination had corrupted the Church, and those who were faithful to the Word of God sought to restore the Church to her true doctrines.\par Back to Top \tab 211. How did Ro0me react?\par \par Rome violently opposed the Reformation everywhere, and all the Churches of the Reformation were regarded as heretical because they sought to abolish Rome's corruptions and rejected the claims of the Papacy.\par Back to Top \tab 212. Did the Reformation involve, as Rome asserts, heresy and schism?\par \par Certainly not. The Reformers, on the contrary, regarded the Church of Rome to have seceded from Christ and the Apostolic Church, and their aim was to return to the pure Gospel and practices and principles of the New Testament.\par Back to Top \tab 213. Has the term 'Protestant' a negative aspect and a positive aspect?\par \par Yes. Protestantism involves protesting against error, but also propagating the Truth. A Protestant, therefore, in the true sense, is one who not only protests against the corruptions, abuses and apostasy of Romanism, but also bears faithful witness to the fundamental principles of the Gospel as set forth in the Word of God.\par \par Back to Top\par } bb !16 Rome and the Reformation (210-213){\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\cf1\lang2058\f0.3. Where do we find the teaching of Patrick?\par 218. What is the basis for the teaching contained in Patrick's Confession and Epistle?\par 219. What sacraments were observed by Patrick?\par 220. Was the early Irish Church subject to Rome?\par 221. How did Popery first gain an entrance into Ireland?\par 222. How did Popery gain her hold on the whole of Ireland?\par 223. What do the words 'for the enlarging of the bounds of the Church' in the Papal Bull of Adrian IV teach us?\par 224. What hap4pened after the conquest of Ireland by King Henry II of England?\par 225. What does this decision of the Synod of Cashel teach us?\par 226. What change was made by King Henry VIII of England?\par 227. What was the result of Henry VIII's action?\par 228. In what sense historically may the Free Presbyterian Church claim to be heirs of the Celtic Church? \par \par Back to Top \tab 214. Was Patrick the founding father of the Christian Church in Ireland?\par \par Yes. We are correct in claiming tha5t Patrick was the founding father of the Christian Church in Ireland. He organised the local Church in Ireland and by his missionary activities brought many converts into the Church.\par Back to Top \tab 215. Was Patrick sent to Ireland by the Pope?\par \par No. Indeed, the earliest testimony to that claim was made more than four centuries after his death.\par Back to Top \tab 216. What brought Patrick to Ireland?\par \par Patrick came to Ireland as a result of the call of God, and of a divine visio6n, through which he received, like Paul, a Macedonian call, in which the Irish said: 'We entreat thee, holy youth, that thou come and walk amongst us.'\par Back to Top \tab 217. Where do we find the teaching of Patrick?\par \par The teaching of Patrick can be found in written works, namely, his Confession and Epistle. There is a hymn, The Breastplate of Patrick, which is by Patrick himself.\par Back to Top \tab 218. What is the basis for the teaching contained in Patrick's Confession and Epistle?\par 7 \par The basis for the writings of Patrick is the Scripture of Truth. All Patrick's writings were Biblically founded.\par Back to Top \tab 219. What sacraments were observed by Patrick?\par \par The only sacraments observed by Patrick were Baptism and the Lord's Supper, and the Celtic Church which he founded believed in and practised these two sacraments only.\par Back to Top \tab 220. Was the early Irish Church subject to Rome?\par \par No. The independence of the early Irish Church is one of the8 most indisputable facts of history.\par Back to Top \tab 221. How did Popery first gain an entrance into Ireland?\par \par Popery first gained an entrance into Ireland in the 11th century, 600 years after Patrick. When the Danes who had settled in Ireland became Christians, they refused to acknowledge the authority and jurisdiction of the old Irish Church, and sent their Bishops to be consecrated by the Archbishops of Canterbury. The Archbishops of Canterbury were, of course, subject to the Pope, so t9hrough these Bishops, consecrated by the Archbishops of Canterbury, Popery first got a foothold in Ireland.\par Back to Top \tab 222. How did Popery gain her hold on the whole of Ireland?\par \par Popery gained her hold on the whole of Ireland because in 1155 Pope Adrian IV gave King Henry II of England permission to carry out the conquest of Ireland 'for the enlarging of the bounds of the Church'. The Pope made a condition that there would be in future an annual payment of one penny for every house in: the land 'for St. Peter and the Holy Roman Church'. The Pope based his authority to give this permission on a document known as The Donation of Constantine, since proved to be a forgery. Henry II, however, was not able to act on the Papal Bull, so it was renewed 17 years later by Pope Alexander III. (A Papal Bull is a letter, edict or script of the Pope published or transmitted to the Churches over which he is Head containing some decree, order or decision.)\par Back to Top \tab 223. What do the words ';for the enlarging of the bounds of the Church' in the Papal Bull of Adrian IV teach us?\par \par These words of Pope Adrian IV teach us that in the 12th century the Celtic Church in Ireland was not subject to the Papacy.\par Back to Top \tab 224. What happened after the conquest of Ireland by King Henry II of England?\par \par After the conquest, at the Synod of Cashel in 1172, it was decided 'that all things relating to religion for the future in all parts of Ireland be regulated according to the Ch