SQLite format 3@  O{tableTopicsTopicsCREATE TABLE 'Topics' (Title NVARCHAR(100), Notes TEXT)~pE+Ch. 01 The Plan of the Work.{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fprq2\fcharset0 Times New Roman;}{\f1\froman\fcharset0 Times New Roman;}{\f2\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green128\blue0;} {\stylesheet{ Normal;}{\s1 heading 1;}{\s2 heading 2;}} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\qc\lang1033\f0\fs48 Eusebius Introduction\par \pard\cf1\lang9\fs24\par \pard\keepn\sb100\sa100\cf0\lang1033\b\f1\fs36 Biography\par \pard\sb100\sa100\b0\fs24 His exact date and place of birth are unknown and little is known of his youth, however it is estimated that he was born in 265 He became acquainted with the\cf1 {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Presbyter"}}{\fldrsm b _UC>$#fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Dorotheus_of_Tyre"}}{\fldrslt{Dorotheus}}}\f1\fs24 i\cf0 n {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Antioch"}}{\fldrslt{\cf1 Antioch}}}\f1\fs24 and probably received exegetical instruction from him. In 296 he was in {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Palestine"}}{\fldrslt{Palestine}}}\f1\fs24 and saw {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Constantine_I_of_the_Roman_Empire"}}{\fldrslt{Constantine}}}\f1\fs24 who visited the country with {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Diocletian"}}{\fldrslt{Diocletian}}}\f1\fs24 . He was in {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Caesarea_Maritima"}}{\fldrslt{Caesarea}}}\f1\fs24 when {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Agapius_of_Caesarea"}}{\fldrslt{Agapius}}}\f1\fs24 was bishop and became friendly with {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Pamphilus_of_Caesarea"}}{\fldrslt{Pamphilus of Caesarea}}}\f1\fs24 , with whom he seems to have studied the text of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Bible"}}{\fldrslt{Bible}}}\f1\fs24 , with the aid of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Origen"}}{\fldrslt{Origen}}}\f1\fs24 's \i Hexapla\i0 and commentaries collected by Pamphilus, in an attempt to prepare a correct version.\par In 307, Pamphilus was imprisoned, but Eusebius continued their project. The resulting defence of Origen, in which they had collaborated, was finished by Eusebius after the death of Pamphilus and sent to the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Martyr"}}{\fldrslt{martyrs}}}\f1\fs24 in the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Mining"}}{\fldrslt{mines}}}\f1\fs24 of Phaeno located in modern {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Jordan"}}{\fldrslt{Jordan}}}\f1\fs24 . Eusebius then seems to have gone to {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Tyre_%28Lebanon%29"}}{\fldrslt{Tyre}}}\f1\fs24 and later to Egypt, where he first suffered persecution.\par Eusebius is next heard of as {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Bishop"}}{\fldrslt{bishop}}}\f1\fs24 of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Caesarea_Maritima"}}{\fldrslt{Caesarea Maritima}}}\f1\fs24 . He succeeded {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Agapius_of_Caesarea"}}{\fldrslt{Agapius}}}\f1\fs24 , whose time of office is not certain, but Eusebius must have become bishop soon after 313. Nothing is known about the early years of his tenure. When the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea"}}{\fldrslt{Council of Nicaea}}}\f1\fs24 met in 325, Eusebius was prominent in its transactions. He was not naturally a spiritual leader or theologian, but as a very learned man and a famous author who enjoyed the special favour of the emperor, he came to the fore among the members of the council (traditionally given as 318 attendees). The confession that he proposed became the basis of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Nicene_Creed"}}{\fldrslt{Nicene Creed}}}\f1\fs24 .\par Eusebius was involved in the further development of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Arianism"}}{\fldrslt{Arian controversies}}}\f1\fs24 . For instance he was involved in the dispute with {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Eustathius_of_Antioch"}}{\fldrslt{Eustathius of Antioch}}}\f1\fs24 who opposed the growing influence of Origen, including his practice of an {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Exegesis"}}{\fldrslt{allegorical exegesis}}}\f1\fs24 of scripture. Eustathius perceived in Origen's theology the roots of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Arianism"}}{\fldrslt{Arianism}}}\f1\fs24 . Eusebius was an admirer of Origen and was reproached by Eustathius for deviating from the Nicene faith - he was even alleged to hold to {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Sabellianism"}}{\fldrslt{Sabellianism}}}\f1\fs24 . Eustathius was accused, condemned and deposed at a {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Synod"}}{\fldrslt{synod}}}\f1\fs24 in {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Antioch"}}{\fldrslt{Antioch}}}\f1\fs24 . Part of the population of Antioch rebelled against this action and the anti-Eustathians proposed Eusebius as its new bishop - he declined.\par After Eustathius had been removed, the Eusebians proceeded against {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Athanasius_of_Alexandria"}}{\fldrslt{Athanasius of Alexandria}}}\f1\fs24 , a more powerful opponent. In 334, Athanasius was summoned before a synod in Caesarea; he did not attend. In the following year, he was again summoned before a {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/First_Synod_of_Tyre"}}{\fldrslt{synod in Tyre}}}\f1\fs24 at which Eusebius presided. Athanasius, foreseeing the result, went to {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Constantinople"}}{\fldrslt{Constantinople}}}\f1\fs24 to bring his cause before the emperor. Constantine called the bishops to his court, among them Eusebius. Athanasius was condemned and exiled at the end of 335. At the same synod, another opponent was successfully attacked: {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Marcellus_of_Ancyra"}}{\fldrslt{Marcellus of Ancyra}}}\f1\fs24 had long opposed the Eusebians and had protested against the reinstitution of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Arius"}}{\fldrslt{Arius}}}\f1\fs24 . He wa s accused of Sabellianism and deposed in 336. Constantine died the next year, and Eusebius did not long survive him. Eusebius date of death is unknown. It is estimated that he died between 337 and 340 after the death of Constantine.\par \pard\f0\fs28\par \pard\s1\sb100\sa100\cf0\kerning36\b\fs48 Eusebius\ul\par \ulnone Church History (Book I)\par \pard\s2\sb100\sa100\kerning0\fs36 Chapter 1. The Plan of the Work.\par \pard\b0\fs24 1. It is my purpose to write an account of the successions of the \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07386a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{holy}}}\f0\fs24 {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01626c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{apostles}}}\cf0\f0\fs24 , as well as of the times which have elapsed from the days of our Saviour to our own; and to relate the many important events which are said to have occurred in the history of the Church; and to mention those who have governed and presided over the Church in the most prominent parishes, and those who in each generation have proclaimed the divine word either orally or in writing.\par 2. It is my purpose also to give the names and number and times of those who through \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09397a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{love}}}\cf0\f0\fs24 of innovation have run into the greatest errors, and, proclaiming themselves discoverers of \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08673a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{knowledge}}}\cf0\f0\fs24 falsely so-called "\cf3\ul 1Ti_6:20" \cf0\ulnone have like fierce wolves unmercifully devastated the flock of \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christ}}}\cf0\f0\fs24 .\par 3. It is my intention, moreover, to recount the misfortunes which immediately came upon the whole Jewish nation in consequence of their plots against our Saviour, and to record the ways and the times in which the divine word has been attacked by the \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.ne wadvent.org/cathen/06422a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Gentiles}}}\cf0\f0\fs24 , and to describe the character of those who at various periods have contended for it in the face of blood and of tortures, as well as the confessions which have been made in our own days, and finally the gracious and kindly succor which our Saviour has afforded them all. Since I propose to write of all these things I shall commence my work with the beginning of the dispensation of our Saviour and Lord Jesus Christ.\par 4. But at the outset I must crave for my work the indulgence of the wise, for I confess that it is beyond my power to produce a perfect and complete history, and since I am the first to enter upon the subject, I am attempting to traverse as it were a lonely and untrodden path. I \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12345b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{pray}}}\cf0\f0\fs24 that I may have God as my guide and the power of the Lord as my aid, since I am unable to find even the bare footsteps of those who have traveled the way before me, except in brief fragments, in which some in one way, others in another, have transmitted to us particular accounts of the times in which they lived. From afar they raise their voices like torches, and they cry out, as from some lofty and conspicuous watch-tower, admonishing us where to walk and how to direct the course of our work steadily and safely.\par 5. Having gathered therefore from the matters mentioned here and there by them whatever we consider important for the present work, and having plucked like flowers from a meadow the appropriate passages from ancient writers, we shall endeavor to embody the whole in an historical narrative, content if we preserve the memory of the successions of the \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01626c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{apostles}}}\cf0\f0\fs24 of our Saviour; if not indeed of all, yet of the most renowned of them in those churches which are the most noted, and which even to the present time are held in honor.\par 6. This work seems to me of especial importance because I \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08673a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{know}}}\cf0\f0\fs24 of no ecclesiastical writer who has devoted himself to this subject; and I hope that it will appear most useful to those who are fond of historical research.\par 7. I have already given an epitome of these things in the Chronological Canons which I have composed, but notwithstanding that, I have undertaken in the present work to write as full an account of them as I am able.\par 8. My work will begin, as I have said, with the dispensation of the Saviour Christ,\emdash which is loftier and greater than human conception,\emdash and with a discussion of his divinity;\par 9. for it is necessary, inasmuch as we derive even our name from Christ, for one who proposes to write a history of the Church to begin with the very origin of Christ's dispensation, a dispensation more divine than many think.\par \par \par \cf1\f2\fs23\par }  heading 1;}{\s2 heading 2;}} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\s2\sb100\sa100\lang1033\b\f0\fs36 Chapter 2. Summary View of the Pre-existence and Divinity of Our Saviour and Lord Jesus Christ.\par \pard\b0\fs24 1. Since in Christ there is a twofold nature, and the one\emdash in so far as he is thought of as God\emdash resembles the head of the body, while the other may be compared with the feet,\emdash in so far as he, for the sake of our \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13407a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{salvation}}}\f0\fs24 ,\cf0 put on human nature with the same passions as our own,\emdash the following work will be complete only if we begin with the chief and lordliest events of all his history. In this way will the antiquity and divinity of \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03712a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christianity}}}\cf0\f0\fs24 be shown to those who suppose it of recent and foreign origin, and imagine that it appeared only yesterday.\par 2. No language is sufficient to express the origin and the worth, the being and the \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10715a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{nature}}}\cf0\f0\fs24 of \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christ}}}\f0\fs24 .\cf0 Wherefore also the divine Spirit says in the prophecies, "Who shall declare his generation? "\cf3\ul Isa_53:8"\cf0\ulnone For none \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08673a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{knows}}}\cf0\f0\fs24 the Father except the \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14142b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Son}}}\cf0\f0\fs24 , neither can any one \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08673a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{know}}}\cf0\f0\fs24 the Son adequately except the Father alone who has begotten him.\par 3. For who beside the Father could clearly understand the Light which was before the world, the intellectual and essential Wisdom which existed before the ages, the living Word which was in the beginning with the Father and which was \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 ,\cf0 the first and only begotten of God which was before every creature and creation visible and invisible, the commander-in-chief of the rational and immortal host of heaven, the messenger of the great counsel, the executor of the Father's unspoken will, the creator, with the Father, of all things, the second cause of the universe after the Father, the true and only-begotten \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14142b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Son of God}}}\f0\fs24 ,\cf0 the Lord and God and King of all created things, the one who has received dominion and power, with divinity itself, and with might and honor from the Father; as it is said in regard to him in the mystical passages of Scripture which speak of his divinity: "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 ,\cf0 and the Word was God."\cf3\ul Joh_1:1\cf0\ulnone " All things were made by him; and without him was not anything made."\cf3\ul Joh_1:3"\cf0\ulnone\par 4. This, too, the great \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10596a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Moses}}}\cf0\f0\fs24 teaches, when, as the most ancient of all the \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12477a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophets}}}\f0\fs24 ,\cf0 he describes under the influence of the divine Spirit the creation and arrangement of the universe. He declares that the maker of the world and the creator of all things yielded to Christ himself, and to none other than his own clearly divine and \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06081a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{first-born}}}\cf0\f0\fs24 Word, the making of inferior things, and communed with him respecting the creation of man. "For," says he, "\cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 \cf0 said, Let us make man in our image and in our likeness."\cf3\ul Gen_1:26"\cf0\ulnone\par 5. And another of the \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12477a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophets}}}\f0\fs24 confirms this, speaking of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\cf0\f0\fs24 in his hymns as follows: "He spoke and they were made; he commanded and they were created." He here introduces the Father and Maker as Ruler of all, commanding with a kingly nod, and second to him the divine Word, none other than the one who is proclaimed by us, as carrying out the Father's commands.\par 6. All that are said to have excelled in righteousness and piety since the creation of man, the great servant \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10596a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Moses}}}\f0\fs24 and before him in the first place {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01051a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abraham}}}\cf0\f0\fs24 and his children, and \cf1 as many righteous men and {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12477a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophets}}}\f0\fs24 as afterward appeared, have contemplated him with the pure eyes of the mind, and have recognized him and offered to him the worship which is due him as {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14142b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Son of God}}}\f0\fs24 .\par 7. But he, by no means neglectful of the reverence due to the Father, was appointed to teach the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08673a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{knowledge}}}\f0\fs24 of the Father to them all. For instance, the Lord {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , it is said, appeared as a common man to {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01051a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abraham}}}\f0\fs24 while he was sitting at the oak of Mambre. And he, immediately falling down, although he saw a man with his eyes, nevertheless worshiped him as {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , and sacrificed to him as Lord, and confessed that he was not {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07648a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{ignorant}}}\f0\fs24 of his identity when he uttered the words, "Lord, the judge of all\cf0 the earth, will you not execute righteous judgment? "\cf3\ul Gen_18:25"\cf0\ulnone\par \pard\sb100\sa100 8. For if it is unreasonable to suppose that the unbegotten and immutable essence of the almighty God was changed into the form of man or that it deceived the eyes of the beholders with the appearance of some created thing, and if it is unreasonable to suppose, on the other hand, that the Scripture should falsely invent such things, when the God and Lord who judges all the earth and executes judgment is seen in the form of a man, who else can be called, if it be not lawful to call him the first cause of all things, than his only pre-existent Word? Concerning whom it is said in the Psalms, "He sent his Word and healed them, and delivered them from their destructions."\par \pard 9\cf1 . {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10596a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Moses}}}\f0\fs24 most clearly proclaims him second Lord after the Father, when he says, "The Lord rained upon {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14130a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Sodom}}}\f0\fs24 and {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14130a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Gomorrha}}}\cf0\f0\fs24 brimstone and fire from the Lord."\cf3\ul Gen_19:24" \cf0\ulnone The divine Scripture also calls \cf1 him {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , when he appeared again to Jacob in the form of a man, and said to Jacob, "Your name shall be called no more Jacob, but {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08193a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Israel}}}\f0\fs24 shall be your name, because you have prevailed with {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 .\cf0 "\cf3\ul Gen_32:28\cf0\ulnone " Wherefore also Jacob called the name of that place "Vision of \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\cf0\f0\fs24 ," saying, "For I have seen God face to face, and my life is preserved."\cf3\ul Gen_32:30"\cf0\ulnone\par 10. Nor is it admissible to suppose that the theophanies recorded were appearances of \cf1 subordinate {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01476d.htm" }}{\fldrslt{angels}}}\f0\fs24 and ministers of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , for whenever any of these appeared to men, the Scripture does not conceal the fact, but calls them by name not God nor Lord, but {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01476d.htm" }}{\fldrslt{angels}}}\f0\fs24 , as it is easy to prove by numberless testimonies.\par 11. Joshua, also, the successor of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10596a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Moses}}}\f0\fs24 , calls him, as leader of the heavenly {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01476d.htm" }}{\fldrslt{angels}}}\f0\fs24 and\cf0 archangels and of the supramundane powers, and as lieutenant of the Father, entrusted with the second rank of sovereignty and rule over all, "captain of the host of the Lord," although he saw him not otherwise than again in the form and appearance of a man. For it is written:\par 12. "And it came to pass when Joshua was at Jericho that he looked and saw a man standing over against him with his sword drawn in his hand, and Joshua went unto him and said, Are you for us or for our adversaries? And he said unto him, As captain of the host of the Lord am I now come. And Joshua fell on his face to the earth and said unto him, Lord, what do you command your servant? and the captain of the Lord said unto Joshua, Loose your shoe from off your feet, for the place whereon you stand \cf1 is {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07386a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{holy}}}\f0\fs24 ."\cf0\par 13. You will perceive also from the same words that this was no other than he who talked \cf1 with {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10596a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Moses}}}\f0\fs24 . For the Scripture says in the same words and with reference to the same one, "When the Lord saw that he drew near to see, the Lord called to him out of the bush and said, {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10596a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Moses}}}\f0\fs24 , {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10596a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Moses}}}\f0\fs24 . And he said, What is it? And he said, Draw not nigh hither; loose your shoe from off your feet, for the place whereon you stand is {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07386a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{holy}}}\f0\fs24 ground. And he said unto him, I am the God of your fathers, the God of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01051a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abraham}}}\f0\fs24 , and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob."\par 14. And that there is a certain substance which lived and subsisted before the world, and which ministered unto the Father and God of the universe for the formation of all created things, and which is called the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09328a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Word of God}}}\f0\fs24 and Wisdom, we may learn, to quote other {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12454c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{proofs}}}\f0\fs24 in addition to those already cited, from the mouth of Wisdom herself, who reveals most clearly through Solomon the following {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10662a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{mysteries}}}\f0\fs24 concerning herself: "I, Wisdom, have dwelt with {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12517b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prudence}}}\f0\fs24 and {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08673a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{knowledge}}}\f0\fs24 , and I have invoked understanding. Through\cf0 me kings reign, and princes ordain righteousness. Through me the great are magnified, and through me sovereigns rule the earth."\par \pard\sb100\sa100 15. To which she adds: "The Lord created me in the beginning of his ways, for his works; before the world he established me, in the beginning, before he made the earth, before he made the depths, before the mountains were settled, before all hills he begat me. When he prepared the heavens I was present with him, and when he established the fountains of the region under heaven I was with him, disposing. I was the one in whom he delighted; daily I rejoiced before him at all times when he was rejoicing at having completed the world."\par 16. That the divine Word, therefore, pre-existed and appeared to some, if not to all, has thus been briefly shown by us.\par \pard 17. But why the Gospel was not preached in ancient times to all men and to all nations, as it is now, will appear from the following considerations. The life of the ancients was not of such a kind as to permit them to receive the all-wise and all-virtuous teaching of \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christ}}}\f0\fs24 .\par 18. For immediately in the beginning, after his original life of blessedness, the first man despised the command of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , and fell into this mortal and perishable state, and exchanged his former divinely inspired luxury for this curse-laden earth. His descendants having filled our earth, showed themselves much worse, with the exception of one here and there, and entered upon a certain brutal and insupportable mode of life.\par 19. They thought neither of city nor state, neither of arts nor sciences. They were {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07648a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{ignorant}}}\f0\fs24 even of the name of laws and of justice, of virtue and of philosophy. As nomads, they passed their lives in deserts, like wild and fierce beasts, destroying, by an excess of voluntary {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05649a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{wickedness}}}\f0\fs24 , the natural reason of man, and the seeds of thought and of culture implanted in the human {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14153a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{soul}}}\f0\fs24 . They gave themselves wholly over to all kinds of profanity, now seducing one another, now slaying one another, now eating human flesh, and now daring to wage {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15546c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{war}}}\f0\fs24 with the Gods and to undertake those battles of the giants celebrated\cf0 by all; now planning to fortify earth against heaven, and in the madness of ungoverned \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12405a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{pride}}}\f0\fs24 to prepare an attack upon the very God of all.\par 20. On account of these things, when they conducted themselves thus, the all-seeing God sent down upon them floods and conflagrations as upon a wild forest spread over the whole earth. He cut them down with continuous famines and plagues, with wars, and with thunderbolts from heaven, as if to check some terrible and obstinate disease of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14153a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{souls}}}\f0\fs24 with more severe punishments.\par 21. Then, when the excess of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05649a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{wickedness}}}\f0\fs24 had overwhelmed nearly all the race, like a deep fit of drunkenness, beclouding and darkening the minds of men, the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06081a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{first-born}}}\f0\fs24 and first-created wisdom of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , the pre-existent Word himself, induced by his exceeding {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09397a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{love}}}\f0\fs24 for {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09580c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{man}}}\f0\fs24 , appeared to his servants, now in the form of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01476d.htm" }}{\fldrslt{angels}}}\f0\fs24 , and again to one and another of those ancients who enjoyed the favor of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , in his own person as the saving power of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , not otherwise, however, than in the shape of man, because it was impossible to appear in any other way.\par 22. And as by them the seeds of piety were sown among a multitude of men and the whole nation, descended from the Hebrews, devoted themselves persistently to the worship of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , he imparted to them through the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12477a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophet}}}\f0\fs24 {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10596a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Moses}}}\f0\fs24 , as to multitudes still corrupted by their ancient practices, images and symbols of a certain mystic {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13287b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Sabbath}}}\f0\fs24 and of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03777a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{circumcision}}}\f0\fs24 , and elements of other spiritual principles, but he did not grant them a complete {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08673a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{knowledge}}}\f0\fs24 of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10662a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{mysteries}}}\f0\fs24 themselves.\par 23. But when their law became celebrated, and, like a sweet odor, was diffused among all men, as a result of their influence the dispositions of the majority of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11388a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{heathen}}}\f0\fs24 were softened by the lawgivers and philosophers who arose on every side, and their wild and savage brutality was changed into mildness, so that they enjoyed deep peace, friendship, and social intercourse. Then, finally, at the time of the origin of the Roman Empire, there appeared again to all men and nations throughout the world, who had been, as it were, previously assisted, and were now fitted to receive the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newa!dvent.org/cathen/08673a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{knowledge}}}\f0\fs24 of the Father, that same teacher of virtue, the minister of the Father in all good things, the divine and heavenly {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09328a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Word of God}}}\f0\fs24 , in a human body not at all differing in substance from our own. He did and suffered the things which had been prophesied. For it had been foretold that one who was at the same time man and God should come and dwell in the world, should perform wonderful works, and should show himself a teacher to all nations of the piety of the Father. The marvelous nature of his birth, and his new teaching, and his wonderful works had also been foretold; so likewise the manner of his death, his resurrection from the dead, and, finally, his divine ascension into heaven.\par 24. For instance, Daniel the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12477a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophet}}}\f0\fs24 , under the influence of the div"ine Spirit, seeing his kingdom at the end of time, was inspired thus to describe the divine vision in language fitted to human comprehension: "For I beheld," he says, "until thrones were placed, and the Ancient of Days did sit, whose garment was white as snow and the hair of his head like pure wool; his throne was a flame of fire and his wheels burning fire. A river of fire flowed before him. Thousand thousands ministered unto him, and ten thousand times ten thousand stood before him. He appointed judgment, and the books were opened."\cf3\ul Dan_7:9-10"\cf0\ulnone\par 25. And again, "I saw," says he, "and behold, one like the \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14144a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Son of man}}}\f0\fs24 came with the clouds of heaven, and he hastened unto the Ancient of Days and was brought into his presence, and there was given him the dominion and the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06585a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{glory}}}\f0\fs24 and the \cf0 kingdom; and all peoples, tribes, and tongues serve him. His dominion is an everlasting dominion which shall not pass away, and his kingdom shall not be destroyed."\cf3\ul Dan_7:13-14"\cf0\ulnone\par 26. It is clear that these words can refer to no one else than to our Saviour, the God Word who was in the beginning with \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , and who was called the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14144a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Son of man}}}\f0\fs24 because of his final appearance in the flesh.\par 27. But since we have collected in separate books the selections from the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12477a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophets}}}\f0\fs24 which relate to our Saviour Jesus Christ, and have arranged in a more logical form those things \cf0 which have been revealed concerning him, what has been said will suffice for the present.\par \cf1\kerning36\f1\fs23\par } pE+Ch. 01 The Plan of the Work.{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fprq2\fcharset0 Times New Roman;}{\f1\froman\fcharset0 Times New Roman;}{\f2\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green128\blue0;} {\stylesheet{ Normal;}{\s1 heading 1;}{\s2 heading 2;}} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\qc\lang1033\f0\fs48 Eusebius Introduction\par \pard\cf1\lang9\fs24\par \pard\keepn\sb100\sa100\cf0\lang1033\b\f1\fs36 Biography\par \pard\sb100\sa100\b0\fs24 His exact date and place of birth are unknown and little is known of his youth, however it is estimated that he was born in 265 He became acquainted with the\cf1 {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "/wiki/Presbyter"}}{\fldrslt{presbyter}}}\f1\fs24 {\field{\*\ **7cCh. 03 The Name Jesus{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fprq2\fcharset0 Times New Roman;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;%.]Ch. 02 Summary View of the Pre-existence{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fprq2\fcharset0 Times New Roman;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green128\blue0;} {\stylesheet{ Normal;}{\s1 &\red0\green128\blue0;} {\stylesheet{ Normal;}{\s1 heading 1;}{\s2 heading 2;}} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\s2\sb100\sa100\lang1033\b\f0\fs36 Chapter 3. The Name Jesus and also the Name Christ were known from the Beginning, and were honored by the Inspired Prophets.\par \pard\cf1\b0\fs24 1. It is now the proper place to show that the very name Jesus and also the name Christ were honored by the ancient {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12477a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophets}}}\f0\fs24 beloved of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 .\par 2. {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10596a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Moses}}}\f0\fs24 was \cf0 the first to make known the name of Christ as a name especially august and glorious. When he delivered types and symbols of heavenly things, and mysterious images, in accordance with the oracle which said to him, "Look that thou make all thin'gs according to the pattern which was shown you in the mount,"\cf3\ul Exo_25:40"\ulnone \cf0 he consecrated a man \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12407b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{high priest}}}\f0\fs24 of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , in so far as that was possible, and him he called Christ. And thus to this dignity of the high {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12409a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{priesthood}}}\f0\fs24 , which in his opinion surpassed the most honorable position among men, he attached for the sake of honor and {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06585a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{glory}}}\f0\fs24 the name of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christ}}}\f0\fs24 .\par 3. He {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08673a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{knew}}}\f0\fs24 so well that in Christ was something( divine. And the same one foreseeing, under the influence of the divine Spirit, the name Jesus, dignified it also with a certain distinguished privilege. For the name of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jesus}}}\f0\fs24 , which had never been uttered among men before the time of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10596a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Moses}}}\f0\fs24 , he applied first and only to the one who he {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08673a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{knew}}}\f0\fs24 would receive after his death, again as a type and symbol, the supreme command.\par 4. His successor, therefore, who had not hitherto borne the name Jesus, but had been called by another name, Auses, which had been given him by his parents, he now called Jesus, bestowing the name upon him as a gift of honor, far greater than any kingly diadem. For Jesus himself, the son of Nave, bore a resemblance to our Saviour in the fact that h)e alone, after {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10596a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Moses}}}\f0\fs24 and after the completion of the symbolical worship which had been transmitted by him, succeeded to the government of the true and pure religion.\par 5. Thus {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10596a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Moses}}}\f0\fs24 bestowed the name of our Saviour, {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jesus Christ}}}\f0\fs24 , as a mark of the highest honor, upon the two men who in his time surpassed all the rest of the people in virtue and {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06585a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{glory}}}\f0\fs24 ; namely, upon the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12407b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{high priest}}}\f0\fs24 and upon his own successor in the government.\par 6. And the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12477a.htm" }}{\fldrs*lt{prophets}}}\f0\fs24 that came after also clearly foretold Christ by name, predicting at the same time the plots which the Jewish people would form against him, and the calling of the nations through him. Jeremiah, for instance, speaks as follows: "The Spirit before our face, Christ the Lord, was taken in their destructions; of whom we said, under his \cf0 shadow we shall live among the nations."\cf3\ul Lam_4:20\ulnone " \cf0 And David, in perplexity, says, "Why did the nations rage and the people imagine vain things? The kings of the earth set themselves in array, and the rulers were gathered together against the Lord and against his Christ"; to which he adds, in the person of Christ himself, "The Lord said unto me, You are my Son, this day have I begotten you. Ask of me, and I will give you the nations for your inheritance, and the uttermost parts of the earth for your possession."\par 7. And not only those who were honored with the \cf1 high {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/ca+then/12409a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{priesthood}}}\f0\fs24 , and who for the sake of the symbol were anointed with especially prepared oil, were adorned with the name of Christ among the Hebrews, but also the kings whom the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12477a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophets}}}\f0\fs24 anointed under the influence of the divine Spirit, and thus constituted, as it were, typical Christs. For they also bore in their own {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11726a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{persons}}}\f0\fs24 types of the royal and sovereign power of the true and only Christ, the divine Word who rules over all.\par 8. And we have been told also that certain of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12477a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophets}}}\f0\fs24 themselves became, by the act of anointing, Christs in type, so that all these have reference to the true Christ, the divinely inspired and heavenly Word, who is the only {\field{\*\fldinst{H,YPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12407b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{high priest}}}\f0\fs24 of all, and the only King of every creature, and the Father's only supreme {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12477a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophet}}}\f0\fs24 of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12477a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophets}}}\f0\fs24 .\par 9. And a proof of this is that no one of those who were of old symbolically anointed, whether {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12406a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{priests}}}\f0\fs24 , or kings, or {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12477a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophets}}}\f0\fs24 , possessed so great a power of inspired virtue as was exhibited by our Saviour and Lord Jesus, the true and only Christ.\par 10. None of them at least, however superior in dignity and honor they may have been for many generations among their own people, ever gave to their followers the name of {\field{\*\fldin-st{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03712a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christians}}}\f0\fs24 from their own typical name of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christ}}}\f0\fs24 . Neither was divine honor ever rendered to any one of them by their subjects; nor after their death was the disposition of their followers such that they were ready to die for the one whom they honored. And never did so great a commotion arise among all the nations of the earth in respect to any one of that age; for the mere symbol could not act with such power among them as the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15073a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{truth}}}\f0\fs24 itself which was exhibited by our Saviour.\par 11. He, although he received no symbols and types of high {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12409a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{priesthood}}}\f0\fs24 from any one, although he was not born of a race of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://w.ww.newadvent.org/cathen/12406a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{priests}}}\f0\fs24 , although he was not elevated to a kingdom by military guards, although he was not a {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12477a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophet}}}\f0\fs24 like those of old, although he obtained no honor nor pre-eminence among the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08399a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jews}}}\f0\fs24 , nevertheless was adorned by the Father with all, if not with the symbols, yet with the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15073a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{truth}}}\f0\fs24 itself.\par 12. And therefore, although he did not possess like honors with those whom we have mentioned, he is called Christ more than all of them. And as himself the true and only Christ of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , he has filled the whole earth with the truly august and sacred name of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPE/RLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03712a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christians}}}\f0\fs24 , committing to his followers no longer types and images, but the uncovered virtues themselves, and a heavenly life in the very doctrines of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15073a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{truth}}}\f0\fs24 .\par 13. And he was not anointed with oil prepared from material substances, but, as befits divinity, with the divine Spirit himself, by participation in the unbegotten deity of the Father. And this is taught also again by Isaiah, who exclaims, as if in the person of Christ himself, "The Spirit of the Lord is upon me; therefore has he anointed me. He has sent me to preach the Gospel to the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12327a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{poor}}}\f0\fs24 , to proclaim deliverance to captives, and recovery of sight to the blind."\par 14. And not only Isaiah, but also David addresses him, saying, "Your throne, O {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http0://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , is forever and ever. A scepter of equity is the scepter of your kingdom. You have loved righteousness and hast {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07149b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{hated}}}\f0\fs24 iniquity. Therefore {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , your {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , has anointed you with the oil of gladness above your fellows." Here the Scripture calls him God in the first verse, in the second it honors him with a royal scepter.\par \pard\sb100\sa100 15. Then a little farther on, after the divine and royal power, it represents him in the third place as having become Christ, being anointed not with oil made of material substances, but with the divine oil of gladness. It thus indicates his especial honor, far superior to and different from that of those who, as t1ypes, were of old anointed in a more material way.\par \pard 16. And elsewhere the same writer speaks of him as follows: "The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou at my right hand until I make your enemies your footstool"; and, "Out of the womb, before the morning star, have I begotten you. The Lord has sworn and he will not repent. You are a {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12406a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{priest}}}\f0\fs24 forever after the order of Melchizedec."\par 17. But this Melchizedec is introduced in the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/bible" }}{\fldrslt{Holy Scriptures}}}\f0\fs24 as a {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12406a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{priest}}}\f0\fs24 of the most high {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , not consecrated by any anointing oil, especially prepared, and not even belonging by descent to the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadven2t.org/cathen/12409a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{priesthood}}}\f0\fs24 of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08399a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jews}}}\f0\fs24 . Wherefore after his order, but not after the order of the others, who received symbols and types, was our Saviour proclaimed, with an appeal to an oath, Christ and {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12406a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{priest}}}\f0\fs24 .\par 18. History, therefore, does not relate that he was anointed corporeally by the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08399a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jews}}}\f0\fs24 , nor that he belonged to the lineage of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12406a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{priests}}}\f0\fs24 , but that he came into existence from God himself before the morning star, that is before the organization of the world, and that he obtained an immortal and undecaying {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12409a.htm" }}3{\fldrslt{priesthood}}}\f0\fs24 for eternal ages.\par 19. But it is a great and convincing proof of his incorporeal and divine unction that he alone of all those who have ever existed is even to the present day called Christ by all men throughout the world, and is confessed and witnessed to under this name, and is commemorated both by Greeks and Barbarians and even to this day is honored as a King by his followers throughout the world, and is admired as more than a {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12477a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophet}}}\f0\fs24 , and is glorified as the true and only {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12407b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{high priest}}}\f0\fs24 of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 . And besides all this, as the pre-existent {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09328a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Word of God}}}\f0\fs24 , called into being before all ages, he has received august honor from the Father, and is worshiped as {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 .\par 20. But most wonderful of all is the fact that we who have consecrated ourselves to him, honor him not only with our voices and with the sound of words, but also with complete elevation of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14153a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{soul}}}\f0\fs24 , so that we choose to give testimony unto him rather than to preserve our own lives.\par 21. I have of necessity prefaced my history with these matters in order that no one, judging from the date of his {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07706b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{incarnation}}}\f0\fs24 , may think that our Saviour and Lord Jesus, the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10212c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christ}}}\f0\fs24 , has but recently come into being.\par \pard\sb100\sa100\par \pard\f1\fs23\par } 5times the appearance of our Saviour Jesus Christ had become known to all men there immediately made its appearance a new nation; a nation confessedly not small, and not dwelling in some corner of the earth, but the most numerous and pious of all nations, indestructible and unconquerable, because it always receives assistance from \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 . This nation, thus suddenly appearing at the time appointed by the inscrutable counsel of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , is the one which has been honored by all with the name of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christ}}}\f0\fs24 .\par 3. One of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12477a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophets}}}\f0\fs24 , when he saw beforehand with the e\cf0 ye of the Divine Spirit that which was to be, was so astonis6hed at it that he cried out, "Who has heard of such things, and who has spoken thus? Hath the earth brought forth in one day, and has a nation been born at once? "\cf3\ul Isa_66:8\ulnone "\cf0 And the same \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12477a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophet}}}\f0\fs24 \cf0 gives a hint also of the name by which the nation was to be called, when he says, "Those that serve me shall be called by a new name, which shall be blessed upon the earth."\cf3\ul Isa_65:15-16\ulnone "\cf0\par 4. But although it is clear that we are new and that this new name of \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03712a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christians}}}\f0\fs24 has really but recently been known among all nations, nevertheless our life and our conduct, with our doctrines of religion, have not been lately invented by us, but from the first creation of man, so to speak, have been established by the natural understanding of divinely favored men of old. That this7 is so we shall show in the following way.\par 5. That the Hebrew nation is not new, but is universally honored on account of its antiquity, is known to all. The books and writings of this people contain accounts of ancient men, rare indeed and few in number, but nevertheless distinguished for piety and righteousness and every other virtue. Of these, some excellent men lived before the flood, others of the sons and descendants of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11088a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Noah}}}\f0\fs24 lived after it, among them {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01051a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abraham}}}\f0\fs24 , whom the Hebrews celebrate as their own founder and forefather.\par 6. If any one should assert that all those who have enjoyed the testimony of righteousness, from {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01051a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abraham}}}\f0\fs24 himself back to the first man, were {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www8.newadvent.org/cathen/03712a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christians}}}\f0\fs24 in fact if not in name, he would not go beyond the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15073a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{truth}}}\f0\fs24 .\par 7. For that which the name indicates, that the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03712a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christian}}}\f0\fs24 man, through the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08673a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{knowledge}}}\f0\fs24 and the teaching of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christ}}}\f0\fs24 , is distinguished for temperance and righteousness, for patience in life and manly virtue, and for a profession of piety toward the one and only God over all\emdash all that was zealously practiced by them not less than by us.\par 8. They did not care about {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03777a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{circumcision}}}\f0\fs24 of the body, ne9ither do we. They did not care about observing Sabbaths, nor do we. They did not avoid certain kinds of food, neither did they regard the other distinctions which {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10596a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Moses}}}\f0\fs24 first delivered to their posterity to be observed as symbols; nor do {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03712a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christians}}}\f0\fs24 of the present day do such things. But they also clearly {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08673a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{knew}}}\f0\fs24 the very Christ of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 ; for it has already been shown that he appeared unto {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01051a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abraham}}}\f0\fs24 , that he imparted revelations to Isaac, that he talked with Jacob, that he held converse with {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.:newadvent.org/cathen/10596a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Moses}}}\f0\fs24 and with the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12477a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophets}}}\f0\fs24 that came after.\par 9. Hence you will find those divinely favored men honored with the name of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christ}}}\f0\fs24 , according to the passage which says of them, "Touch not my Christs, and do my {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12477a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophets}}}\f0\fs24 no harm."\par 10. So that it is clearly necessary to consider that religion, which has lately been preached to all nations through the teaching of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christ}}}\f0\fs24 , the first and most ancient of all religions, and the one discovered by those divinely favored men in the age of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01051a.htm" }}{\fldrs;lt{Abraham}}}\f0\fs24 .\par 11. If it is said that {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01051a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abraham}}}\f0\fs24 , a long time afterward, was given the command of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03777a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{circumcision}}}\f0\fs24 , we reply that nevertheless before this it was declared that he had received the testimony of righteousness through {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05752c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{faith}}}\f0\fs24 ; as the divine word says, "{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01051a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abraham}}}\f0\fs24 believed \cf0 in\cf1 {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\cf0\f0\fs24 , and it was counted unto him for righteousness."\cf3\ul Gen_15:6\ulnone "\cf0\par 12. And indeed unto \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01051a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abraham}}}\f0\fs24 , who was< thus before his {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03777a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{circumcision}}}\f0\fs24 a justified man, there was given by {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , who revealed himself unto him (but this was Christ himself, the word of God), a {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12473a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophecy}}}\f0\fs24 in regard to those who in coming ages should be justified in the same way as he. The {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12473a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophecy}}}\f0\fs24 was in the following words: "And in yo\cf0 u shall all the tribes of the earth be blessed."\cf3\ul Gen_12:3\ulnone " \cf0 And again, "He shall become a nation great and numerous; and in him shall all the nations of the earth be blessed."\cf3\ul Gen_18:18\ulnone "\cf0\par 13. It is permissible to understand this as fulfilled in us. For he, having renounced the \cf1{\fiel=d{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14339a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{superstition}}}\f0\fs24 of his fathers, and the former {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05525a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{error}}}\f0\fs24 of his life, and having confessed the one God over all, and having worshiped him with deeds of virtue, and not with the service of the law which was afterward given by {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10596a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Moses}}}\f0\fs24 , was justified by {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05752c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{faith}}}\f0\fs24 in {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christ}}}\f0\fs24 , the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09328a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Word of God}}}\f0\fs24 , who appeared unto him. To him, then, who was a man of this character, it was said that all the tribes and all the nations of the earth should be {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02599b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{blessed}}}\f0\fs24 in him.\par 14. But that very religion of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01051a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abraham}}}\f0\fs24 has reappeared at the present time, practiced in deeds, more efficacious than words, by {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03712a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christians}}}\f0\fs24 alone throughout the world.\par 15. What then should prevent the confession that we who are of Christ practice one and the same mode of life and have one and the same religion as those divinely favored men of old? Whence it is evident that the perfect religion committed to us by the teaching of Christ is not new and strange, but, if the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15073a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{truth}}}\f0\fs24 must be spoken, it is the first and the true religion. This may suffice for this subject.\par \pard\sb100\sa100\par \pard\f1\fs23\par }   EWCCh. 04 The Religion Proclaimed by Him{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fprq2\fcharset0 Times New Roman;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green128\blue0;} {\stylesheet{ Normal;}{\s1 heading 1;}{\s2 heading 2;}} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\s2\sb100\sa100\lang1033\b\f0\fs36 Chapter 4. The Religion Proclaimed by Him to All Nations Was Neither New Nor Strange.\par \pard\sb100\sa100\b0\fs24 1. But that no one may suppose that his doctrine is new and strange, as if it were framed by a man of recent origin, differing in no respect from other men, let us now briefly consider this point also.\par \pard 2. It is admitted that when in recent 4@ \pard\cf1\b0\fs24 1. And now, after this necessary introduction to our proposed history of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03744a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Church}}}\f0\fs24 , we can enter, so to speak, upon our journey, beginning with the appearance of our Saviour in the flesh. And we invoke {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , the Father of the Word, and him, of whom we have been speaking, Jesus Christ himself our Saviour and Lord, the heavenly {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09328a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Word of God}}}\f0\fs24 , as our aid and fellow-laborer in the narration of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15073a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{truth}}}\f0\fs24 .\par 2. It was in the forty-second year of the reign of Augustus and the twenty-eighth after the subjugation of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05329b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Egypt}}}\Af0\fs24 and the death of Antony and Cleopatra, with whom the dynasty of the Ptolemies in {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05329b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Egypt}}}\f0\fs24 came to an end, that our Saviour and Lord Jesus Christ was born in {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02533a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Bethlehem}}}\f0\fs24 of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08544a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Judea}}}\f0\fs24 , according to the prophecies which had been uttered concerning\cf0 him. "\cf3\ul Mic_5:2\ulnone " \cf0 His birth took place during the first census, while Cyrenius was governor of \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14399a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Syria}}}\f0\fs24 .\par 3. {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08522a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Flavius Josephus}}}\f0\fs24 , the most celebrated of Hebrew historians, also mentions this census, which was taken during Cyrenius' term of office. In the sameB connection he gives an account of the uprising of the Galileans, which took place at that time, of which also Luke, among our writers, has made mention in the Acts, in the following words: "After this man rose up Judas of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06341c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Galilee}}}\f0\fs24 in the days of the taxing, and \cf0 drew away a multitude after him: he also perished; and all, even as many as obeyed him, were dispersed."\cf3\ul Act_5:37\ulnone "\cf0\par 4. The above-mentioned author, in the eighteenth book of his Antiquities, in agreement with these words, adds the following, which we quote exactly: "Cyrenius, a member of the senate, one who had held other offices and had passed through them all to the consulship, a man also of great dignity in other respects, came \cf1 to {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14399a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Syria}}}\f0\fs24 with a small retinue, being sent by C\'e6sar to be a judge of the nation and to make an assessment of their property."\par 5. And after a little he says: "But Judas, a Gaulonite, from a city called Gamala, taking with him Sadduchus, a {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11789b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Pharisee}}}\f0\fs24 , urged the people to revolt, both of them saying that the taxation meant nothing else than downright slavery, and exhorting the nation to defend their liberty."\par 6. And in the second book of his History of the Jewish War, he writes as follows concerning the same man: "At this time a certain Galilean, whose name was Judas, persuaded his countrymen to revolt, declaring that they were cowards if they submitted to pay tribute to the Romans, and if they endured, besides {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , masters who were mortal." These things are recorded by {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08522a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Josephus}}}\f0\fs24 .\par \f1\fs23\par } 'A'wK5Ch. 06 About the Time of Christ{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fprq2\fcharset0 Times New Roman;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green128\blue0;} {\stylesheet{ Normal;}{\s1 heading 1;}{\s2 heading 2;}} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\s2\sb100\sa100\lang1033\b\f0\fs36 Chapter 6. About the Time of Christ, in accordance with Prophecy, the Rulers who had governed the Jewish Nation in Regular Succession from the Days of AntiquD(e}Ch. 05 The Time of his Appearance among Men.{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fprq2\fcharset0 Times New Roman;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green128\blue0;} {\stylesheet{ Normal;}{\s1 heading 1;}{\s2 heading 2;}} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\s2\sb100\sa100\lang1033\b\f0\fs36 Chapter 5. The Time of his Appearance among Men.\par ?Eity came to an End, and Herod, the First Foreigner, Became King.\par \pard\b0\fs24 1. When Herod, the first ruler of foreign blood, became King\cf1 , the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12473a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophecy}}}\f0\fs24 of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10596a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Moses}}}\f0\fs24 received its fulfillment, according to which there should "not be wanting a prince of Judah, nor a ruler from his loins, until he come for whom it is reserved." The latter, he also shows, was to be the expectation of the nations.\par 2. This prediction remained unfulfilled so long as it was permitted them to live under rulers from their own nation, that is, from the time of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10596a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Moses}}}\f0\fs24 to the reign of Augustus. Under the latter, Herod, the first foreigner, was given the Kingdom of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08399aF.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jews}}}\f0\fs24 by the Romans. As {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08522a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Josephus}}}\f0\fs24 relates, he was an Idumean on his father's side and an Arabian on his mother's. But Africanus, who was also no common writer, says that they who were more accurately informed about him report that he was a son of Antipater, and that the latter was the son of a certain Herod of Ascalon, one of the so-called servants of the temple of Apollo.\par 3. This Antipater, having been taken a prisoner while a boy by Idumean robbers, lived with them, because his father, being a poor man, was unable to pay a ransom for him. Growing up in their practices he was afterward befriended by Hyrcanus, the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12407b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{high priest}}}\f0\fs24 of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08399a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jews}}}\f0\fs24 . A son of his was that Herod who lived in the tGimes of our Saviour.\par 4. When the Kingdom of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08399a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jews}}}\f0\fs24 had devolved upon such a man the expectation of the nations was, according to {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12473a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophecy}}}\f0\fs24 , already at the door. For with him their princes and governors, who had ruled in regular succession from the time of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10596a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Moses}}}\f0\fs24 came to an end.\par 5. Before their captivity and their transportation to Babylon they were ruled by Saul first and then by David, and before the kings leaders governed them who were called Judges, and who came after {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10596a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Moses}}}\f0\fs24 and his successor Jesus.\par 6. After their return from Babylon they continued to have without interruption an aristocratic form of govHernment, with an oligarchy. For the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12406a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{priests}}}\f0\fs24 had the direction of affairs until Pompey, the Roman general, took Jerusalem by force, and defiled the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07386a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{holy}}}\f0\fs24 places by entering the very innermost sanctuary of the temple. Aristobulus, who, by the right of ancient succession, had been up to that time both king and {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12407b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{high priest}}}\f0\fs24 , he sent with his children in chains to {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13164a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Rome}}}\f0\fs24 ; and gave to Hyrcanus, brother of Aristobulus, the high {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12409a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{priesthood}}}\f0\fs24 , while the whole nation of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08399Ia.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jews}}}\f0\fs24 was made tributary to the Romans from that time.\par \pard\sb100\sa100 7. But Hyrcanus, who was the last of the regular line of high priests, was very soon afterward taken prisoner by the Parthians, and Herod, the first foreigner, as I have already said, was made King of the Jewish nation by the Roman senate and by Augustus.\par \pard 8. Under him Christ appeared in bodily shape, and the expected Salvation of the nations and their calling followed in accordance with {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12473a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophecy}}}\f0\fs24 . From this time the princes and rulers of Judah, I mean of the Jewish nation, came to an end, and as a natural consequence the order of the high {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12409a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{priesthood}}}\f0\fs24 , which from ancient times had proceeded regularly in closest succession from generation to generation, was immediately thrown into confusion.\par 9. JOf these things {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08522a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Josephus}}}\f0\fs24 is also a witness, who shows that when Herod was made King by the Romans he no longer appointed the high priests from the ancient line, but gave the honor to certain obscure {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11726a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{persons}}}\f0\fs24 . A course similar to that of Herod in the appointment of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12406a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{priests}}}\f0\fs24 was pursued by his son Archelaus, and after him by the Romans, who took the government into their own hands.\par 10. The same writer shows that Herod was the first that locked up the sacred garment of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12407b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{high priest}}}\f0\fs24 under his own seal and refused to permit the high priests to keep it for themselves. The same course was followed by Archelaus after him, and after Archelaus by the Romans.\par 11. These things have been recorded by us in order to show that another {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12473a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophecy}}}\f0\fs24 has been fulfilled in the appearance of our Saviour Jesus Christ. For the Scripture\cf0 , in the book of Daniel, "\cf3\ul Dan_9:26\ulnone " \cf0 having expressly mentioned a certain number of weeks until the coming \cf1 of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christ}}}\f0\fs24 , of which we have treated in other books, most clearly prophesies, that after the completion of those weeks the unction among the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08399a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jews}}}\f0\fs24 should totally perish. And this, it has been clearly shown, was fulfilled at the time of the birth of our Saviour Jesus Christ. This has been necessarily premised by us as a proof of the correctness of the time.\par \f1\fs23\par } L The Alleged Discrepancy in the Gospels in regard to the Genealogy of Christ.\par \pard\b0\fs24 1. Matthew and Luke in their gospels have given us the genealogy of Christ differently, and many suppose that they are at variance with one another. Since as a consequence every believer, \cf1 in {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07648a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{ignorance}}}\f0\fs24 of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15073a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{truth}}}\f0\fs24 , has been zealous to invent some explanation which shall harmonize the two passages, permit us to subjoin the account of the matter which has come down to us, and which is given by Africanus, who was mentioned by us just above, in his epistle to Aristides, where he discusses the harmony of the gospel genealogies. After refuting the opinions of others as forced and deceptive, he give the account which he had received from tradition in these words:\par 2. "For whereas the names of the generations were reMckoned in {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08193a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Israel}}}\f0\fs24 either according to nature or according to law;\emdash according to nature by the succession of legitimate offspring, and according to law whenever another raised up a child to the name of a brother dying childless; for because a clear hope of resurrection was not yet given they had a representation of the future promise by a kind of mortal resurrection, in order that the name of the one deceased might be perpetuated;\emdash\par \pard\sb100\sa100 3. whereas then some of those who are inserted in this genealogical table succeeded by natural descent, the son to the father, while others, though born of one father, were ascribed by name to another, mention was made of both of those who were progenitors in fact and of those who were so only in name.\par \pard 4. Thus neither of the gospels is in {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05525a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{error}}}\f0\fs2N4 , for one reckons by nature, the other by law. For the line of descent from Solomon and that from Nathan were so involved, the one with the other, by the raising up of children to the childless and by second marriages, that the same {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11726a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{persons}}}\f0\fs24 are justly considered to belong at one time to one, at another time to another; that is, at one time to the reputed fathers, at another to the actual fathers. So that both these accounts are strictly true and come down to Joseph with considerable intricacy indeed, yet quite accurately.\par \pard\sb100\sa100 5. But in order that what I have said may be made clear I shall explain the interchange of the generations. If we reckon the generations from David through Solomon, the third from the end is found to be Matthan, who begat Jacob the father of Joseph. But if, with Luke, we reckon them from Nathan the son of David, in like manner the third from the end is Melchi, whose Oson Eli was the father of Joseph. For Joseph was the son of Eli, the son of Melchi.\par \pard 6. Joseph therefore being the object proposed to us, it must be shown how it is that each is recorded to be his father, both Jacob, who derived his descent from Solomon, and Eli, who derived his from Nathan; first how it is that these two, Jacob and Eli, were brothers, and then how it is that their fathers, Matthan and Melchi, although of different {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05782a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{families}}}\f0\fs24 , are declared to be grandfathers of Joseph.\par 7. Matthan and Melchi having married in succession the same woman, begat children who were uterine brothers, for the law did not prohibit a {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15617c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{widow}}}\f0\fs24 , whether such by divorce or by the death of her husband, from marrying another.\par \pard\sb100\sa100 8. By Estha then (for this was the woman's name according to tradition)P Matthan, a descendant of Solomon, first begat Jacob. And when Matthan was dead, Melchi, who traced his descent back to Nathan, being of the same tribe but of another family, married her as before said, and begat a son Eli.\par \pard 9. Thus we shall find the two, Jacob and Eli, although belonging to different {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05782a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{families}}}\f0\fs24 , yet brethren by the same mother. Of these the one, Jacob, when\cf0 his brother Eli had died childless, took the latter's wife and begat by her a son Joseph, his own son by nature and in accordance with reason. Wherefore also it is written: 'Jacob begat Joseph. "\cf3\ul Mat_1:6\ulnone " \cf0 But according to law he was the son of Eli, for Jacob, being the brother of the latter, raised up seed to him.\par 10. Hence the genealogy traced through him will not be rendered void, which the evangelist Matthew in his enumeration gives thus: 'Jacob begat Joseph.' But Luke, on the other hand, says: 'WQho was the son, as was supposed' (for this he also adds), 'of Joseph, the son of Eli, the son of Melchi'; for he could not more clearly express the generation according to law. And the expression 'he begat' he has omitted in his genealogical table up to the end, tracing the genealogy back to Adam \cf1 the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14142b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{son of God}}}\f0\fs24 . This interpretation is neither incapable of proof nor is it an idle conjecture.\par 11. For the relatives of our Lord according to the flesh, whether with the desire of boasting or simply wishing to state the fact, in either case truly, have handed down the following account: Some Idumean robbers, having attacked Ascalon, a city of Palestine, carried away from a temple of Apollo which stood near the walls, in addition to other booty, Antipater, son of a certain temple slave named Herod. And since the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12406a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{priest}}}\Rf0\fs24 was not able to pay the ransom for his son, Antipater was brought up in the customs of the Idumeans, and afterward was befriended by Hyrcanus, the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12407b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{high priest}}}\f0\fs24 of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08399a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jews}}}\f0\fs24 .\par 12. And having been sent by Hyrcanus on an embassy to Pompey, and having restored to him the kingdom which had been invaded by his brother Aristobulus, he had the good fortune to be named procurator of Palestine. But Antipater having been slain by those who were envious of his great good fortune was succeeded by his son Herod, who was afterward, by a decree of the senate, made King of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08399a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jews}}}\f0\fs24 under Antony and Augustus. His sons were Herod and the other tetrarchs. These accounts agree also with those of the Greeks.\par 13. But as theSre had been kept in the archives up to that time the genealogies of the Hebrews as well as of those who traced their lineage back to proselytes, such as Achior the Ammonite and Ruth the Moabitess, and to those who were mingled with the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08193a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Israelites}}}\f0\fs24 and came out of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05329b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Egypt}}}\f0\fs24 with them, Herod, inasmuch as the lineage of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08193a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Israelites}}}\f0\fs24 contributed nothing to his advantage, and since he was goaded with the consciousness of his own ignoble extraction, burned all the genealogical records, thinking that he might appear of noble origin if no one else were able, from the public registers, to trace back his lineage to the patriarchs or proselytes and to those mingled with them, who were called Georae.\par 14. A few of the careful, Thowever, having obtained private records of their own, either by remembering the names or by getting them in some other way from the registers, {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12405a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{pride}}}\f0\fs24 themselves on preserving the memory of their noble extraction. Among these are those already mentioned, called Desposyni, on account of their connection with the family of the Saviour. Coming from Nazara and Cochaba, villages of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08544a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Judea}}}\f0\fs24 , into other parts of the world, they drew the aforesaid genealogy from memory and from the book of daily records as faithfully as possible.\par 15. Whether then the case stand thus or not no one could find a clearer explanation, according to my own opinion and that of every candid person. And let this suffice us, for, although we can urge no testimony in its support, we have nothing better or truer to offer. In any case the Gospel states the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15073a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{truth}}}\f0\fs24 ." And at the end of the same epistle he adds these words: "Matthan, who was descended from Solomon, begat Jacob. And when Matthan was dead, Melchi, who was descended from Nathan begat Eli by the same woman. Eli and Jacob were thus uterine brothers. Eli having died childless, Jacob raised up seed to him, begetting Joseph, his own son by nature, but by law the son of Eli. Thus Joseph was the son of both."\par 17. Thus far Africanus. And the lineage of Joseph being thus traced, Mary also is virtually shown to be of the same tribe with him, since, according to the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10582c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{law of Moses}}}\f0\fs24 , intermarriages between different tribes were not permitted. For the command is to marry one of the same family and lineage, so that the inheritance may not pass from tribe to tribe. This may suffice here.\par \f1\fs23\par } jjggwCh. 07 The Alleged Discrepancy in the Gospels{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fprq2\fcharset0 Times New Roman;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green128\blue0;} {\stylesheet{ Normal;}{\s1 heading 1;}{\s2 heading 2;}} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\s2\sb100\sa100\lang1033\b\f0\fs36 Chapter 7.KWnquiry of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09527a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{magi}}}\f0\fs24 who came from the east, asking where he who was born King of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08399a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jews}}}\f0\fs24 was to be found,\emdash for they had seen his star, and this was their reason for taking so long a journey; for they earnestly desired to worship the infant as {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 ,\emdash for he imagined that his kingdom might be endangered; and he enquired therefore of the doctors of the law, who belonged to the Jewish nation, where they expected Christ to be born. When he learned that the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12473a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophecy}}}\f0\fs24 \cf0 of Micah "\cf3\ul Mic_5:2\ulnone " \cf0 announced that \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02533a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{BXethlehem}}}\f0\fs24 was to be his birthplace he commanded, in a single edict, all the male infants in {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02533a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Bethlehem}}}\f0\fs24 , and all its borders, that were two years of age or less, according to the time which he had accurately ascertained from the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09527a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{magi}}}\f0\fs24 , to be slain, supposing that Jesus, as was indeed likely, would share the same fate as the others of his own age.\par 2. But the child anticipated the snare, being carried into {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05329b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Egypt}}}\f0\fs24 by his parents, who had learned from an {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01476d.htm" }}{\fldrslt{angel}}}\f0\fs24 that appeared unto them what was about to happen. These things are recorded by the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/bible" }}{\fldrslYt{Holy Scriptures}}}\f0\fs24 in the Gospel. "\cf3\ul Mat_2:1-18\ulnone "\cf0\par \pard\sb100\sa100 3. It is worth while, in addition to this, to observe the reward which Herod received for his daring crime against Christ and those of the same age. For immediately, without the least delay, the divine vengeance overtook him while he was still alive, and gave him a foretaste of what he was to receive after death.\par \pard 4. It is not possible to relate here how he tarnished the supposed felicity of his reign by successive calamities in his family, by \cf1 the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07441a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{murder}}}\f0\fs24 of wife and children, and others of his nearest relatives and dearest friends. The account, which casts every other tragic drama into the shade, is detailed at length in the histories of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08522a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Josephus}}}\f0\fs24 .\par 5. How, immediately after his crime against ourZ Saviour and the other infants, the punishment sent by God drove him on to his death, we can best learn from the words of that historian who, in the seventeenth book of his Antiquities of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08399a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jews}}}\f0\fs24 , writes as follows concerning his end:\par \pard\sb100\sa100 6. "But the disease of Herod grew more severe, God inflicting punishment for his crimes. For a slow fire burned in him which was not so apparent to those who touched him, but augmented his internal distress; for he had a terrible desire for food which it was not possible to resist. He was affected also with ulceration of the intestines, and with especially severe pains in the colon, while a watery and transparent humor settled about his feet.\par 7. He suffered also from a similar trouble in his abdomen. Nay more, his privy member was putrefied and produced worms. He found also excessive difficulty in breathing, and it was particularly disagreeable becau[se of the offensiveness of the odor and the rapidity of respiration.\par \pard 8. He had convulsions also in every limb, which gave him uncontrollable strength. It was said, indeed, by those who possessed the power of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05048b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{divination}}}\f0\fs24 and wisdom to explain such events, that God had inflicted this punishment upon the King on account of his great impiety."\par \pard\sb100\sa100 9. The writer mentioned above recounts these things in the work referred to. And in the second book of his History he gives a similar account of the same Herod, which runs as follows: "The disease then seized upon his whole body and distracted it by various torments. For he had a slow fever, and the itching of the skin of his whole body was insupportable. He suffered also from continuous pains in his colon, and there were swellings on his feet like those of a person suffering from dropsy, while his abdomen was inflamed and his privy member s\o putrefied as to produce worms. Besides this he could breathe only in an upright posture, and then only with difficulty, and he had convulsions in all his limbs, so that the diviners said that his diseases were a punishment.\par 10. But he, although wrestling with such sufferings, nevertheless clung to life and hoped for safety, and devised methods of cure. For instance, crossing over Jordan he used the warm baths at Callirho\'eb, which flow into the Lake Asphaltites, but are themselves sweet enough to drink.\par 11. His physicians here thought that they could warm his whole body again by means of heated oil. But when they had let him down into a tub filled with oil, his eyes became weak and turned up like the eyes of a dead person. But when his attendants raised an outcry, he recovered at the noise; but finally, despairing of a cure, he commanded about fifty drachms to be distributed among the soldiers, and great sums to be given to his generals and friends.\par \pard 12. Then returning he came to Je]richo, where, being seized with melancholy, he planned to commit an impious deed, as if challenging death itself. For, collecting from every town the most illustrious men of all {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08544a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Judea}}}\f0\fs24 , he commanded that they be shut up in the so-called hippodrome.\par 13. And having summoned Salome, his sister, and her husband, Alexander, he said: 'I {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08673a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{know}}}\f0\fs24 that the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08399a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jews}}}\f0\fs24 will rejoice at my death. But I may be lamented by others and have a splendid funeral if you are willing to perform my commands. When I shall expire surround these men, who are now under guard, as quickly as possible with soldiers, and slay them, in order that all {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08544a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Judea}}}\f0\fs24 a^nd every house may weep for me even against their will.'"\par 14. And after a little {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08522a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Josephus}}}\f0\fs24 says, "And again he was so tortured by want of food and by a convulsive cough that, overcome by his pains, he planned to anticipate his fate. Taking an apple he asked also for a knife, for he was accustomed to cut apples and eat them. Then looking round to see that there was no one to hinder, he raised his right hand as if to stab himself."\par \pard\sb100\sa100 15. In addition to these things the same writer records that he slew another of his own sons before his death, the third one slain by his command, and that immediately afterward he breathed his last, not without excessive pain.\par \pard 16. Such was the end of Herod, who suffered a just punishment for his slaughter of the children of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02533a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Bethlehem}}}\f0\fs24 , which was the result of his plots against our Saviour.\par 17. After this an {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01476d.htm" }}{\fldrslt{angel}}}\f0\fs24 appeared in a dream to Joseph in {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05329b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Egypt}}}\f0\fs24 and commanded him to go to {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08544a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Judea}}}\f0\fs24 with the child and its mother, revealing to him that those who had sought the life of the child were dead. To this the evangelist adds, "But when he heard that Archelaus did reign in the room of his father Herod he was afraid to go thither; notwithstanding being warned of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 in a dream he turned aside into the parts of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06341c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Galilee}}}\f0\fs24 ."\cf3\ul Mat_2:22\ulnone "\cf0\par \cf1\f1\fs23\par } C]Ch. 08 The Cruelty of Herod{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fprq2\fcharset0 Times New Roman;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green128\blue0;} {\stylesheet{ Normal;}{\s1 heading 1;}{\s2 heading 2;}} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\s2\sb100\sa100\lang1033\b\f0\fs36 Chapter 8. The Cruelty of Herod toward the Infants, and the Manner of his Death.\par \pard\b0\fs24 1. When Christ was born, according to the prophecies, in \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02533a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Bethlehem}}}\f0\fs24 of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08544a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Judea}}}\f0\fs24 , at the time indicated, Herod was not a little disturbed by the eVa received the kingdom of \cf1 the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08399a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jews}}}\f0\fs24 by the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15624a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{will}}}\f0\fs24 of his father Herod and by the decree of C\'e6sar Augustus, and how, after he had reigned ten years, he lost his kingdom, and his brothers Philip and Herod the younger, with Lysanias, still ruled their own tetrarchies. The same writer, in the eighteenth book of his Antiquities, says that about the twelfth year of the reign of Tiberius, who had succeeded to the empire after Augustus had ruled fifty-seven years, {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12083c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Pontius Pilate}}}\f0\fs24 was entrusted with the government of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08544a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Judea}}}\f0\fs24 , and that he remained there ten full years, almost until the death of Tiberius.\par 2. Accordingly the forgery of those who have recently given currency to acts against our Saviour is clearly proved. For the very date given in them shows the falsehood of their fabricators.\par 3. For the things which they have dared to say concerning the passion of the Saviour are put into the fourth consulship of Tiberius, which occurred in the seventh year of his reign; at which time it is plain that Pilate was not yet ruling in {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08544a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Judea}}}\f0\fs24 , if the testimony of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08522a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Josephus}}}\f0\fs24 is to be {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02408b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{believed}}}\f0\fs24 , who clearly shows in the above-mentioned work that Pilate was made procurator of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08544a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Judea}}}\f0\fs24 by Tiberius in the twelfth year of his reign.\par \f1\fs17\par } NNN S[Ch. 10 The High Priests of the Jews{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fprq2\fcharset0 Times New Roman;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;} {\stylesheet{ Normal;}{\s1 heading 1;}{\s2 heading 2;}} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\s2\sb100\sa100\lang1033\b\f0\fsc: AECh. 09 The Times of Pilate{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fprq2\fcharset0 Times New Roman;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;} {\stylesheet{ Normal;}{\s1 heading 1;}{\s2 heading 2;}} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\s2\sb100\sa100\lang1033\b\f0\fs36 Chapter 9. The Times of Pilate.\par \pard\b0\fs24 1. The historian already mentioned agrees with the evangelist in regard to the fact that Archelaus succeeded to the government after Herod. He records the manner in which he`d36 Chapter 10. The High Priests of the Jews under whom Christ taught.\par \pard\b0\fs24 1. It was in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius, according to the evangelist, and in the fourth year of the governorship \cf1 of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12083c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Pontius Pilate}}}\f0\fs24 , while Herod and Lysanias and Philip were ruling the rest of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08544a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Judea}}}\f0\fs24 , that our Saviour and Lord, Jesus the Christ of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , being about thirty years of age, came to John for {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02258b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{baptism}}}\f0\fs24 and began the promulgation of the Gospel.\par 2. The Divine Scripture says, moreover, that he passed the entire time of his ministry under the high priests Annas and {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.enewadvent.org/cathen/03143b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Caiaphas}}}\f0\fs24 , showing that in the time which belonged to the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12409a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{priesthood}}}\f0\fs24 of those two men the whole period of his teaching was completed. Since he began his work during the high {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12409a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{priesthood}}}\f0\fs24 of Annas and taught until {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03143b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Caiaphas}}}\f0\fs24 held the office, the entire time does not comprise quite four years.\par 3. For the rites of the law having been already abolished since that time, the customary usages in connection with the worship of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , according to which the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12407b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{high priest}}}\f0\fs24 acquired hfis office by hereditary descent and held it for life, were also annulled and there were appointed to the high {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12409a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{priesthood}}}\f0\fs24 by the Roman governors now one and now another person who continued in office not more than one year.\par 4. {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08522a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Josephus}}}\f0\fs24 relates that there were four high priests in succession from Annas to {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03143b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Caiaphas}}}\f0\fs24 . Thus in the same book of the Antiquities he writes as follows: "Valerius Gratus having put an end to the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12409a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{priesthood}}}\f0\fs24 of Ananus appoints Ishmael, the son of Fabi, {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12407b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{high priest}}}\f0\fs24 . And having removed him after a littlge he appoints Eleazer, the son of Ananus the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12407b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{high priest}}}\f0\fs24 , to the same office. And having removed him also at the end of a year he gives the high {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12409a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{priesthood}}}\f0\fs24 to Simon, the son of Camithus. But he likewise held the honor no more than a year, when {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08522a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Josephus}}}\f0\fs24 , called also {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03143b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Caiaphas}}}\f0\fs24 , succeeded him." Accordingly the whole time of our Saviour's ministry is shown to have been not quite four full years, four high priests, from Annas to the accession of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03143b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Caiaphas}}}\f0\fs24 , having held office a year each. The Gospel therefore has rightly indicated {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03143b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Caiaphas}}}\f0\fs24 as the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12407b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{high priest}}}\f0\fs24 under whom the Saviour suffered. From which also we can see that the time of our Saviour's ministry does not disagree with the foregoing investigation.\par 5. Our Saviour and Lord, not long after the beginning of his ministry, called the twelve {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01626c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{apostles}}}\f0\fs24 , and these alone of all his {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05029a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{disciples}}}\f0\fs24 he named {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01626c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{apostles}}}\f0\fs24 , as an especial honor. And again he appointed seventy others whom he sent out two by two before his face into every place and city whither he himself was about to come.\par \f1\fs23\par } i she was the wife of his brother, Herod made her his own wife after divorcing his former lawful wife, who was the daughter of Aretas, king of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11777b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Petra}}}\f0\fs24 , and separating Herodias from her husband while he was still alive.\par 2. It was on her account also that he slew John, and waged {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15546c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{war}}}\f0\fs24 with Aretas, because of the disgrace inflicted on the daughter of the latter. {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08522a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Josephus}}}\f0\fs24 relates that in this {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15546c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{war}}}\f0\fs24 , when they came to battle, Herod's entire army was destroyed, and that he suffered this calamity on account of his crime against John.\par 3. The same {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08522a.htm" }}{\fljdrslt{Josephus}}}\f0\fs24 confesses in this account that John the Baptist was an exceedingly righteous man, and thus agrees with the things written of him in the Gospels. He records also that Herod lost his kingdom on account of the same Herodias, and that he was driven into banishment with her, and condemned to live at Vienne in {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06395b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Gaul}}}\f0\fs24 .\par 4. He relates these things in the eighteenth book of the Antiquities, where he writes of John in the following words: "It seemed to some of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08399a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jews}}}\f0\fs24 that the army of Herod was destroyed by {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , who most justly avenged John called the Baptist.\par 5. For Herod slew him, a good man and one who exhorted the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08399a.htm" }k}{\fldrslt{Jews}}}\f0\fs24 to come and receive {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02258b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{baptism}}}\f0\fs24 , practicing virtue and exercising righteousness toward each other and toward {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 ; for {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02258b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{baptism}}}\f0\fs24 would appear acceptable unto Him when they employed it, not for the remission of certain {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14004b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{sins}}}\f0\fs24 , but for the purification of the body, as the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14153a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{soul}}}\f0\fs24 had been already purified in righteousness.\par \pard\sb100\sa100 6. And when others gathered about him (for they found much pleasure in listening to his words), Herod feared that his great influence might lead to some sedition, for tlhey appeared ready to do whatever he might advise. He therefore considered it much better, before any new thing should be done under John's influence, to anticipate it by slaying him, than to repent after revolution had come, and when he found himself in the midst of difficulties. On account of Herod's suspicion John was sent in bonds to the above-mentioned citadel of Mach\'e6ra, and there slain."\par \pard 7. After relating these things concerning John, he makes mention of our Saviour in the same work, in the following words: "And there lived at that time Jesus, a wise man, if indeed it be proper to call him a man. For he was a doer of wonderful works, and a teacher of such men as receive the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15073a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{truth}}}\f0\fs24 in gladness. And he attached to himself many of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08399a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jews}}}\f0\fs24 , and many also of the Greeks. He was the Christ.\par 8. When Pilate, on the accusation of our principal men, condemned him to the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04529a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{cross}}}\f0\fs24 , those who had loved him in the beginning did not cease loving him. For he appeared unto them again alive on the third day, the divine {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12477a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{prophets}}}\f0\fs24 having told these and countless other wonderful things concerning him. Moreover, the race of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03712a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christians}}}\f0\fs24 , named after him, continues down to the present day."\par \pard\sb100\sa100 9. Since an historian, who is one of the Hebrews themselves, has recorded in his work these things concerning John the Baptist and our Saviour, what excuse is there left for not convicting them of being destitute of all shame, who have forged the acts against them? But let this suffice here.\par \pard\f1\fs23\par } q q SQCh. 12 The Disciples of our Saviour{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fprq2\fcharset0 Times New Roman;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset0 GeorgianX UmCh. 11 Testimonies in Regard to John{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fprq2\fcharset0 Times New Roman;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;} {\stylesheet{ Normal;}{\s1 heading 1;}{\s2 heading 2;}} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\s2\sb100\sa100\cf1\lang1033\b\f0\fs36 Chapter 11. Testimonies in Regard to John the Baptist and Christ.\par \pard\b0\fs24 1. Not long after this John the Baptist was beheaded by the younger Herod, as is stated in the Gospels. {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08522a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Josephus}}}\f0\fs24 also records the same fact, making mention of Herodias by name, and stating that, althoughho;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green128\blue0;} {\stylesheet{ Normal;}{\s1 heading 1;}{\s2 heading 2;}} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\s2\sb100\sa100\lang1033\b\f0\fs36 Chapter 12. The Disciples of our Saviour.\par \pard\b0\fs24 1. The names of \cf1 the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01626c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{apostles}}}\f0\fs24 of our Saviour are known to every one from the Gospels. But there exists no catalogue of the seventy {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05029a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{disciples}}}\f0\fs24 . Barnabas, indeed, is said to have been one of them, of whom the Acts of the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01626c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{apostles}}}\f0\fs24 makes mention in various places, and especially Paul in his Epistle to the Galatians.\par 2. They say that Sosthenes also, who wrote to the Corinthians with Paul, was one of them. This is the account of Cplement in the fifth book of his Hypotyposes, in which he also says that Cephas was one of the seventy {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05029a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{disciples}}}\f0\fs24 , a man who bore the same name as the apostle Peter, and the one concerning whom Paul says, \cf0 "When Cephas came to Antioch I withstood him to his face."\cf3\ul Gal_2:11\ulnone "\cf0\par 3. Matthias, also, who was numbered with the \cf1{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01626c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{apostles}}}\f0\fs24 in the place of Judas, and the one who was honored by being made a candidate with him, are likewise said to have been deemed worthy of the same calling with the seventy. They say that Thaddeus also was one of them, concerning whom I shall presently relate an account which has come down to us. And upon examination you will find that our Saviour had more than seventy {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05029a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{disciples}}}\f0\fs24 , according to the testimony of Paul, who says that after his resurrection from the dead he appeared first to Cephas, then to the twelve, and after them to above five hundred brethren at once, of whom some had fallen asleep; but the majority were still living at the time he wrote.\par 4. Afterwards he says he appeared unto James, who was one of the so-called brethren of the Saviour. But, since in addition to these, there were many others who were called {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01626c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{apostles}}}\f0\fs24 , in imitation of the Twelve, as was Paul himself, he adds: "Afterward he appeared to all the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01626c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{apostles}}}\f0\fs24 ."\cf3\ul 1Co_15:7\ulnone " \cf0 So much in regard to \cf1 these {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11726a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{persons}}}\f0\fs24 . But the story concerning Thaddeus is as follows.\par \f1\fs23\par } rign countries lying far away from {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08544a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Judea}}}\f0\fs24 , who had the hope of being cured of their diseases and of all kinds of sufferings.\par 2. For instance the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01042c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{King Abgarus}}}\f0\fs24 , who ruled with great {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06585a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{glory}}}\f0\fs24 the nations beyond the Euphrates, being afflicted with a terrible disease which it was beyond the power of human skill to cure, when he heard of the name of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jesus}}}\f0\fs24 , and of his {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10338a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{miracles}}}\f0\fs24 , which were attested by all with one accord sent a message to him by a courier and begged him to heal his disease.\par 3. But he did not at that time complys with his request; yet he deemed him worthy of a personal letter in which he said that he would send one of his {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05029a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{disciples}}}\f0\fs24 to cure his disease, and at the same time promised {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13407a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{salvation}}}\f0\fs24 to himself and all his house.\par 4. Not long afterward his promise was fulfilled. For after his resurrection from the dead and his ascent into heaven, Thomas, one of the twelve {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01626c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{apostles}}}\f0\fs24 , under divine impulse sent Thaddeus, who was also numbered among the seventy {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05029a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{disciples}}}\f0\fs24 of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christ}}}\f0\fs24 , to Edessa, as a preacher and evangelist of the teaching of {\tfield{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Christ}}}\f0\fs24 .\par 5. And all that our Saviour had promised received through him its fulfillment. You have written evidence of these things taken from the archives of Edessa, which was at that time a royal city. For in the public registers there, which contain accounts of ancient times and the acts of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01042c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abgarus}}}\f0\fs24 , these things have been found preserved down to the present time. But there is no better way than to hear the epistles themselves which we have taken from the archives and have literally translated from the Syriac language in the following manner.\par \pard\s2\sb100\sa100\b\fs36 Copy of an epistle written by Abgarus the ruler to Jesus, and sent to him at Jerusalem by Ananiasthe swift courier.\par \pard\b0\fs24 6. "{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01042c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abgarus}}}\f0\fus24 , ruler of Edessa, to Jesus the excellent Saviour who has appeared in the country of Jerusalem, greeting. I have heard the reports of you and of your cures as performed by you without medicines or herbs. For it is said that you make the blind to see and the lame to walk, that you cleanse {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09182a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{lepers}}}\f0\fs24 and castest out impure spirits and {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04710a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{demons}}}\f0\fs24 , and that you heal those afflicted with lingering disease, and raisest the dead.\par 7. And having heard all these things concerning you, I have concluded that one of two things must be true: either you are {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , and having come down from heaven you do these things, or else you, who does these things, are the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14142b.htm"v }}{\fldrslt{Son of God}}}\f0\fs24 .\par 8. I have therefore written to you to ask you that you would take the trouble to come to me and heal the disease which I have. For I have heard that the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08399a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jews}}}\f0\fs24 are murmuring against you and are plotting to injure you. But I have a very small yet noble city which is great enough for us both."\par \i The answer of Jesus to the ruler {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01042c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abgarus}}}\f0\fs24 by the courier Ananias.\i0\par 9. "Blessed are you who hast believed in me without having seen me. For it is written concerning me, that they who have seen me will not {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02408b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{believe}}}\f0\fs24 in me, and that they who have not seen me will {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02408b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{believe}}}\f0\fs24 and be saved. wBut in regard to what you have written me, that I should come to you, it is necessary for me to fulfill all things here for which I have been sent, and after I have fulfilled them thus to be taken up again to him that sent me. But after I have been taken up I will send to you one of my {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05029a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{disciples}}}\f0\fs24 , that he may heal your disease and give life to you and yours."\par 10. To these epistles there was added the following account in the Syriac language. "After the ascension of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jesus}}}\f0\fs24 , Judas, who was also called Thomas, sent to him Thaddeus, an apostle, one of the Seventy. When he was come he lodged with Tobias, the son of Tobias. When the report of him got abroad, it was told {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01042c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abgarus}}}\f0\fs24 that an apostle of Jesus was come, as he hxad written him.\par 11. Thaddeus began then in the power of God to heal every disease and infirmity, insomuch that all wondered. And when {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01042c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abgarus}}}\f0\fs24 heard of the great and wonderful things which he did and of the cures which he performed, he began to suspect that he was the one of whom Jesus had written him, saying, 'After I have been taken up I will send to you one of my {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05029a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{disciples}}}\f0\fs24 who will heal you.'\par 12. Therefore, summoning Tobias, with whom Thaddeus lodged, he said, I have heard that a certain man of power has come and is lodging in your house. Bring him to me. And Tobias coming to Thaddeus said to him, The ruler {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01042c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abgarus}}}\f0\fs24 summoned me and told me to bring you to him that you might heal him. And Thaddeus said, I wyill go, for I have been sent to him with power.\par 13. Tobias therefore arose early on the following day, and taking Thaddeus came to {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01042c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abgarus}}}\f0\fs24 . And when he came, the nobles were present and stood about {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01042c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abgarus}}}\f0\fs24 . And immediately upon his entrance a great vision appeared to {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01042c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abgarus}}}\f0\fs24 in the countenance of the apostle Thaddeus. When {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01042c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abgarus}}}\f0\fs24 saw it he prostrated himself before Thaddeus, while all those who stood about were astonished; for they did not see the vision, which appeared to {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01042c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abgarus}}}\f0\fs24 alone.\par 14. He then asked Thaddeusz if he were in {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15073a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{truth}}}\f0\fs24 a {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05029a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{disciple}}}\f0\fs24 of Jesus the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14142b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Son of God}}}\f0\fs24 , who had said to him, 'I will send you one of my {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05029a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{disciples}}}\f0\fs24 , who shall heal you and give you life.' And Thaddeus said, Because you have mightily believed in him that sent me, therefore have I been sent unto you. And still further, if you believe in him, the petitions of your heart shall be granted you as you believe.\par 15. And {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01042c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abgarus}}}\f0\fs24 said to him, So much have I believed in him that I wished to take an army and destroy those {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.ne{wadvent.org/cathen/08399a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jews}}}\f0\fs24 who crucified him, had I not been deterred from it by reason of the dominion of the Romans. And Thaddeus said, Our Lord has fulfilled the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15624a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{will}}}\f0\fs24 of his Father, and having fulfilled it has been taken up to his Father. And {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01042c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abgarus}}}\f0\fs24 said to him, I too have believed in him and in his Father.\par 16. And Thaddeus said to him, Therefore I place my hand upon you in his name. And when he had done it, immediately {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01042c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abgarus}}}\f0\fs24 was cured of the disease and of the suffering which he had.\par 17. And {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01042c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abgarus}}}\f0\fs24 marvelled, that as he had heard concerning Jesus, so he had received in v|ery deed through his {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05029a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{disciple}}}\f0\fs24 Thaddeus, who healed him without medicines and herbs, and not only him, but also Abdus the son of Abdus, who was afflicted with the gout; for he too came to him and fell at his feet, and having received a benediction by the imposition of his hands, he was healed. The same Thaddeus cured also many other inhabitants of the city, and did wonders and marvelous works, and preached the word of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 .\par 18. And afterward {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01042c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abgarus}}}\f0\fs24 said, You, O Thaddeus, do these things with the power of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , and we marvel. But, in addition to these things, I pray you to inform me in regard to the coming of {\field{\}*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jesus}}}\f0\fs24 , how he was born; and in regard to his power, by what power he performed those deeds of which I have heard.\par 19. And Thaddeus said, Now indeed will I keep silence, since I have been sent to proclaim the word publicly. But tomorrow assemble for me all your citizens, and I will preach in their presence and sow among them the word of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{God}}}\f0\fs24 , concerning the coming of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Jesus}}}\f0\fs24 , how he was born; and concerning his mission, for what purpose he was sent by the Father; and concerning the power of his works, and the {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10662a.htm" }}{\fldrslt{mysteries}}}\f0\fs24 which he proclaimed in the world, and by what power he did these things; and concerning his new preaching, and his abasement and humiliation, and how he humbled himself, and died and debased his divinity and was crucified, and descended into Hades, and burst the bars which from {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05551b.htm" }}{\fldrslt{eternity}}}\f0\fs24 had not been broken, and raised the dead; for he descended alone, but rose with many, and thus ascended to his Father.\par 20. {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01042c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{Abgarus}}}\f0\fs24 therefore commanded the citizens to assemble early in the morning to hear the preaching of Thaddeus, and afterward he ordered gold and silver to be given him. But he refused to take it, saying, If we have forsaken that which was our own, how shall we take that which is another's? These things were done in the three hundred and fortieth year."\par \pard\sb100\sa100 I have inserted them here in their proper place, translated from the Syriac literally, and I hope to good purpose.\par \pard\f1\fs23\par } 11 Y_Ch. 13 Narrative concerning the Prince{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fprq2\fcharset0 Times New Roman;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;} {\stylesheet{ Normal;}{\s1 heading 1;}{\s2 heading 2;}} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\s2\sb100\sa100\lang1033\b\f0\fs36 Chapter 13. Narrative concerning the Prince of the Edessenes.\par \pard\b0\fs24 1. The divinity \cf1 of {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374c.htm" }}{\fldrslt{our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ}}}\f0\fs24 being noised abroad among all men on account of his wonder-working power, he attracted countless numbers from foreq